About kids 

What peoples live in Russia? Peoples of Russia Southern peoples of the world

There are several hundred peoples on our planet. Everyone has different customs and language. Some do not have a written language. There are nations whose civilization has reached unprecedented heights. And there are some very primitive ones. The same gesture can have opposite meanings in different cultures. The science that studies peoples is called ethnography.

In addition to Russia, which has more than 190 nationalities, including 150 million Russians, about four hundred more peoples live on the globe. And if you count the small nationalities and ethnic groups, you get about five and a half thousand. Among the most numerous are fourteen nations.

  1. The list is headed by the Chinese, there are 1320 million of them. Among them, 92% are Han, the rest are Zhuang and Huizu.
  2. The second largest are the Arabs. There are 330 million of them.
  3. The third place is occupied by Americans, that is, residents of the United States. There are 317 million of them. Although they all come from other countries, the characteristics of the nation allow us to consider them an ethnic group.
  4. Hindustanis are fourth in number with 265 million. Their language is Hindi and they live in India, Nepal and Pakistan.
  • Bengalis - 250.
  • Brazilians (multi-ethnic people living in Brazil) - 197.
  • Mexicans (by and large, these are the peoples of Mexico) - 148.
  • Japanese - 132.
  • Punjabis living in the state of Punjab in India - 130.
  • Biharis, residents of the Indian state of Bihar - 115.
  • Javanese living on the island of Java and in Indonesia - 105.
  • Thais - 90.
  • Koreans - 83.
  • Marathas (another people of India) - 83.

Who lives in Europe

Speaking of the peoples of other countries of the world, let's not forget about Europe. It is not customary to have large families here, so the numbers will be more modest. But in terms of cultural traditions, customs and literature, all nationalities are of great interest. And now we list the most numerous nations of foreign Europe (in millions of people):

  1. Germans - 82.
  2. French - 65.
  3. Italians - 59.
  4. British - 58.
  5. Poles - 47.
  6. Spaniards - 46.
  7. Ukrainians - 45.
  8. Gypsies - 5.
  9. Jews - 2.

Many Europeans do not live in Europe, they are not included in this list. Also, there are no migrants in it - mostly Asian peoples who settled here, but are not indigenous people. As a result of mixed marriages and cultures, new nationalities are gradually formed.

Families of peoples

Many peoples have a similar language, due to their kinship. To define a group of people who differ in linguistic terms, the term "language family" was introduced. There are several of them, and the most common is Indo-European. Its languages ​​are spoken by half of the globe. It consists of several groups.

Romance, Germanic and Slavic are the most numerous. All peoples of Europe, as well as Mexicans, Brazilians and other Latin Americans, belong to this family. Greeks, Armenians and descendants of Persians are also included in it.

There are also Chinese, Semitic-Hamitic, Niger-Kordofanian, Austronesian, Uralic and Caucasian families. For our country, the most interesting are the Ural, Altai and Caucasian. The fact is that the peoples included in them are considered Russian in other countries. In America, for example, they say this: Russian Mari, Abkhazian, Tatar. And besides, these nationalities know Russian well.

Peoples of the Caucasus

The Bible's message that the ark settled in the Ararat mountains after the Flood is of interest not only to scientists. Armenians have long considered themselves the descendants of Noah and are descended from Japheth, his son. Now the Caucasus is inhabited by dozens of peoples. According to various sources, there are from 50 to 62 of them. Caucasians differ from the peoples of other countries of the world in hospitality, songs, dances and cuisine.

Georgians and Adjarians represent the Georgian group. Georgian wines can be used to study the geography of this country: grape varieties are named according to the growing areas. Georgians sing beautifully in different voices. Every Caucasian has a lezginka in his blood, and all nationalities have their own. Abkhazians, neighbors of Georgians, live by the sea. Kabardians, Circassians and Circassians are in the mountains. Next to them are Chechens and Ingush.

Some small peoples no longer exist, the last bearer of the language and culture dies, and the memory of the people remains only in books. Therefore, it is important to get acquainted with the culture of the Caucasian inhabitants.

Turkic peoples

One of the groups of the Altaic language family is Turkic. It includes the Tatar people. A dozen and a half nationalities related to him make up a fairly large number. In addition to the Bashkirs and Chuvashs, who live next to the Tatar people, this group includes residents of the former southern Soviet republics. These are Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Turkmens and Azerbaijanis. Moreover, the Turks are also members of this family.

Some phrases expressing greetings, wishes for peace, family health, well-being for children sound very similar in these peoples. It is customary for Turkic peoples to have large families, women are largely dependent on men. Children are polite to adults.

Gestures that are innocent in one part of the world become unacceptable in another.

  • The fig gesture can be shown in Brazil - they consider it a wish of good luck. But the same thing in Arab countries is a serious insult.
  • Head movements, which in Russia mean no, and a nod - yes, are exactly the opposite in Bulgaria and Greece.
  • In Buddhist culture, the crown of the head is considered to be an important place on the body, and stroking a child on the head can be perceived as aggression.
  • The thumbs-up gesture, which is voted on the road in Europe and America, is better not to do in Iran - this is a sexual insult.
  • Scratching the chin is a hurtful gesture in France.
  • Almost everywhere in Asia and Africa, eating with the left hand or passing objects and money is unacceptable. It is believed that Satan was left-handed.

Tourists should get acquainted with the customs of the peoples before going on vacation. How not to make a mistake:

  • In Kenya, it is customary for a man to dress in women's clothes after marriage and do housework for a month. It is believed that in this way he will appreciate his wife more.
  • The Chinese love when they are given not real, but artificial flowers. And the living are considered a symbol of death.
  • In Thailand, they use a fork in an original way. She puts food in a spoon, and not in her mouth.
  • In Japan, don't leave chopsticks in a bowl of rice, especially while standing: it's a funeral ritual.

The peoples of other countries of the world are interesting to study. It's good that everyone is different. Indeed, collective creativity is manifested in customs.

The peoples of other countries of the world and their customs on the site.

Our life consists of everyday little things that in one way or another affect our well-being, mood and productivity. I didn’t get enough sleep - my head hurts; drank coffee to improve the situation and cheer up - he became irritable. I really want to foresee everything, but it just doesn't work. Moreover, everyone around, as usual, gives advice: gluten in bread - do not come close, it will kill; a chocolate bar in your pocket is a direct path to tooth loss. We collect the most popular questions about health, nutrition, diseases and give answers to them, which will allow you to better understand what is good for health.

Every day leaving home and going to work, to the store or just for a walk, I am faced with the fact that a large number of people on the streets of the city have a variety of nationalities. I think you also noticed this feature, especially if, like me, you live in one of the megacities of Russia, for example, in Moscow or St. Petersburg. Today I will try to answer your question: What peoples live in Russia?».

Peoples living in Russia

No wonder they say that Russia is a multinational country I completely agree with this expression. I myself have enough friends and acquaintances, colleagues and even relatives who are representatives of other countries and peoples. The good news is that if you believe their words, then we can conclude that the attitude of the indigenous people towards them in the vast majority of cases is extremely friendly. My Ukrainian neighbor says that he does not feel any sidelong glances at his work even after the conflict between our countries. And this is definitely pleasing, since my personal opinion is this - all people, regardless of race or religion, should live in complete peace and harmony, we are people, not savages! I also noticed a trend that people have recently begun actively become friends, and at the present time in one company of people you can often see representatives several nationalities at once.


Representatives of various nations with whom I communicate

Given that the percentage of Russian people living in Russia is about 80%, also lives in our country over 190 other nationalities. I have no desire to once again write out official statistics, I’d rather try to tell by my own example who I personally have to deal with almost every day while living in Moscow.

  • Azerbaijanis. Two large wonderful families of this people live in two neighboring apartments on my floor, I often greet and communicate with them.
  • Ukrainians. One of my neighbors is Ukrainian, as are five of my colleagues. With all only positive communication.
  • Armenians. Extremely pleasant and polite people, who have always been famous for their hospitality.
  • Bashkirs. Being classmates in the past, we are still happy to keep in touch.
  • Chechens. I have several distant relatives of representatives of this people. We communicate with pleasure.

I want to wish all readers to be wiser and think with their own heads, and not with public opinion, often imposed on us by politicians. Remember - there are no bad or good people, there are only bad and good people!

Do you know how many nationalities there are in the world? The answer to this question is not as easy as it seems at first glance. There are quite a few contradictions in the understanding of the very term "nationality". What is this? Language community? Citizenship? This article will be devoted to bringing some clarity to the problems of the nationalities of the world. And we will also consider which ethnic groups give rise to beauties and attractive men. Naturally, nationalities can disappear, assimilate. Yes, and an individual in our age of globalization can be a product of a mixture of different ethnic groups. And often it is difficult for a person to answer the question of who he is by nationality. But if we talk about large groups of people, then here we can isolate several factors by which ethnicity is determined.

Citizenship and nationality

First, not all powers are monolithic in the ethnic composition of their population. And even if we do not take into account the presence of migrants, the so-called "citizens of the first generation", even then it cannot be said that there are one hundred and ninety-two nationalities of the world. The list of states (namely, how many of them are on the political map) does not give us an idea of ​​the numerous ethnic groups inhabiting these same countries. For example, representatives of more than one hundred and eighty nationalities live in the Russian Federation. And North and South Korea are inhabited by one people, separated by a demarcation line due to political strife. There is the concept of "American nation", but it is extremely diverse in ethnic composition. The same can be said about Australia, New Zealand and Canada, whose lands were settled by emigrants from all over the world. At the same time, even in such a seemingly monolithic country as Poland, there are Silesians, Kashubians, Lemkos and other groups.

Language and nationality

One of the markers by which one can determine a person's belonging to a particular people is his language. During the census, this factor is put at the forefront. If we are guided by this marker, then the question of how many nationalities in the world can be answered: from two and a half to five thousand. Why such a huge spread in numbers? Because we are faced with a new difficulty: what is language? Is it a dialect, a dialect used by a certain ethnic community? But it is also not entirely correct to determine the nationality of a person by language. After all, not all Jews know Hebrew. A almost died, and now the government is making incredible efforts to revive it. Residents of the "Green Island" speak English, but they do not consider themselves British.

Appearance and nationality

An even more unsteady way is to determine the ethnicity of an individual according to his physiological characteristics. What can we say about a person's appearance? If he has blond hair and blue eyes, then he can equally successfully turn out to be both a Swede and a Russian or a Pole. You can, of course, talk about the Scandinavian, Mediterranean, Latin American, but all this does not give us an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bhow a representative of the “titular nation” should look like. Moreover, with the dominant gene of brunettes, blondes gradually “die out”. The nationalities of the world, whose representatives inhabited the lands previously known as the countries of fair-haired people (Bulgaria, the states on the Balkan Peninsula, Italy, Georgia), after the Turkish conquest noticeably "darkened". So it is not possible to determine the ethnic group in appearance. Although, of course, there are certain facial features that are often found in representatives of a particular nationality.

Formation of ethnic groups

All nationalities of the world have come a long way in their historical development. The ancient tribes entered into military trade alliances with each other and lived in close proximity for a long time. From this, certain differences were erased, dialects converged, forming one language. It can be cited as an example of the ancient Romans. In addition to the Latins, who inhabited the regions along the banks of the Tiber, Veneti, Avzones, Lukans, Osci, Messaps, Piceni, Umbers and Falisci took part in the formation of the people. And their dialects still exist! The vast Roman Empire, which included many nationalities, collapsed in the Middle Ages. Latin - the official language of the ancient state - gave impetus to the formation of Romance languages: Italian, French, Spanish. Awareness of the multitude by one community within the state generates a nation.

natural assimilation

Not all nationalities of the countries of the world have survived to this day. A smaller nationality, surrounded by a larger one, risks losing its identity, especially if it is included in a state where this largest nationality is considered the “titular nation”. This is what happened in the USSR. The first census, conducted in 1926, found that 178 nationalities live in the state. In 1956, there were only 109 of them. And there were 91 large nationalities, which included more than ten thousand people. Thus, in less than thirty years, the number of ethnic groups has significantly decreased. Of course, not everyone became Russian. Adjarians, Laz, Svans and Mingrelians began to associate themselves with Georgians; Kuramins, Turks and Kipchaks began to consider themselves Uzbeks. Thus, if the cultural characteristics of small peoples are not maintained, there is a serious risk that they will disappear.

Forced assimilation

Sometimes governments, wary of separatist sentiments, pursue a policy aimed at the deliberate destruction of nationality as such. They do not kill members of an ethnic minority, but carry out targeted assimilation measures. For example, in Poland after the Second World War, all Lemkos were taken out of their places of compact residence and settled in small groups in other regions of the country. In the south of France, for a long time, schoolchildren were punished if they began to speak the local Occitan dialect. Only since the eighties of the twentieth century, under pressure from the public, optional courses were opened to study the almost disappeared dialect. Since the small nationalities of the world are already inclined to dissolve into large ones, it is a violation of human rights to assimilate them by force.

How many nationalities are there in the world?

Nobody knows. According to various sources, the nationalities of the peoples of the world can number from four and a half to six thousand. The total number of languages ​​and dialects ranges from two and a half to five thousand. But there are still tribes that do not make contact with the civilized world (the so-called un-contacted people). How many such tribes are still found in Africa, the Amazon Valley? It is also quite difficult to define the line between ethnos, nationality and nationality. But there is another opinion about larger communities. It is believed that the nation is a purely political construct. This theory is gaining more and more supporters in modern society.

Beautiful nationalities of the world: list

Assimilation, of course, can lead to the disappearance of an ethnic group. But mixing blood only improves the gene pool. The so-called mestizos have always amazed with their beauty and talents. Let us recall at least the Russian poet A. S. Pushkin, in whose veins Slavic and African blood flowed. If we talk not about certain individuals, but about large groups of people, then the same relationship can be traced here. The most beautiful community is the one in which the different nationalities of the world are mixed, as in a furnace. So, the countries of Latin America amaze with an abundance of beauties and angelic men. After all, local Indian tribes, Spaniards and immigrants from Africa took part in the formation of Costa Ricans, Brazilians and Colombians. Citizens of the former USSR are also not bad-looking, since many of them were born as a result of mixed interethnic marriages.

Where do the most beautiful girls live?

This question worries not only the representatives of the stronger sex. Of course, everyone has their own standard of beauty, but are Miss Universe contests held? Let's do a little statistical analysis to find out in which country the most beautiful women in the world are most often found. The nationality of the charming winner is not taken into account by the jury members. But we will consider a charming girl as a representative of the “titular nation”.

So, according to polls made by various men's and women's magazines, Brazilian women are in first place in terms of beauty. After all, this Latin American country is real. Here you can meet both an irresistible blonde and a charming black woman. Many immigrants from Asia gave the Brazilians the languor of the Japanese orchid and almond-shaped eyes. If you like tall blondes, then feel free to follow them to Sweden. In third place are the Argentines. The fourth position is held by Ukrainians, and the fifth by Russians.

Where do the most beautiful men in the world live by nationality?

A selection of super attractive machos from different countries was made by the Travelers Digest tourist portal. He did his own research to properly guide single ladies to a romantic getaway. What happened? What nationalities of the world gave birth to more Apollos?

The portal warns that it evaluated not only the external data of men, but also their upbringing, intelligence level, and the ability to care for a lady. The leaders in this list are the Swedes, residents of New York and Amsterdam. The top ten included the Portuguese, Argentines, Australians, Spaniards, Germans, Italians and Israelis. But girls often notice that the portal is wrong. In their opinion, residents of Latin American countries, Spaniards, Italians and Turks are more attractive.

Despite the efforts of historians and ethnographers, the history of these peoples still keeps its mysteries.

1. Russians

Yes, Russians are one of the most mysterious peoples. Scientists still cannot come to a consensus either about when the Russians became "Russians", or about where, in fact, this word came from. The question of the origin of the people remains controversial. Normans, Scythians, Sarmatians, Wends, and even the South Siberian people of the Usuns were recorded as the ancestors of the Russians.

We do not know the origin of the Mayan people, nor where they disappeared to. Some scientists trace Mayan roots to the legendary Atlanteans, others believe that the Egyptians were their ancestors. The Maya created an efficient system of agriculture, had deep knowledge in the field of astronomy. The calendar developed by the Maya was used by other peoples of Central America. They used a hieroglyphic writing system, partially deciphered. The Mayan civilization was very advanced, but by the time the conquistadors arrived, it was in deep decline, and the Mayans themselves seemed to have disappeared into history.

3. Laplanders

The Laplanders are also called Sami and Lapps. The age of this ethnic group is at least 5000 years old. Scientists are still arguing who the Laplanders are and where they came from. Some consider this people to be Mongoloid, others argue that the Laplanders are Paleo-Europeans. The Sami language is classified as a Finno-Ugric language, but the Laplanders have 10 dialects of the Sami language, which are so different from each other that they can be called independent. This even makes it difficult for some Laplanders to communicate with others.

4. Prussians

The very origin of the name of the Prussians is shrouded in mystery. The first time it occurs only in the 9th century in the form of Brusi in the draft of an anonymous merchant, and later - in Polish and German chronicles. Linguists find analogies for it in many Indo-European languages ​​and believe that it goes back to the Sanskrit purusa - "man". Sufficient information about the language of the Prussians has also not been preserved. Its last carrier died in 1677, and the plague of 1709-1711 exterminated the last Prussians in Prussia itself. Already in the 17th century, instead of Prussian history, the history of “Prussianism” and the kingdom of Prussia began, the local population of which had little in common with the Baltic name of the Prussians.

5. Cossacks

The question of where the Cossacks came from is still unresolved. Their homeland is found in the North Caucasus, and in the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov, and in Western Turkestan. The genealogy of the Cossacks is traced back to the Scythians, to the Alans, to the Circassians, to the Khazars, to the Goths, to the wanderers. Supporters of all versions have their own arguments. Today, the Cossacks are a multi-ethnic community, but they themselves like to insist that the Cossacks are a separate people.

6. Parsis

The Parsis are an ethno-confessional group of followers of Zoroastrianism in South Asia, of Iranian origin. Its number now is less than 130 thousand people. The Parsees have their own temples and the so-called "towers of silence", where, in order not to desecrate the sacred elements (earth, fire, water), they bury the dead (corpses are pecked by vultures). Parsees are often compared to Jews, they were also forced to leave their homeland and are meticulous in matters of observance of cults. The "Iranian League" in India at the beginning of the 20th century promoted the return of the Parsi to their homeland, reminiscent of the Zionism of the Jews.

7. Hutsuls

The meaning of the word "hutsul" is still debated. Some scientists believe that the etymology of the word goes back to the Moldavian "gots" or "guts", which means "robber", others - to the word "kochul", which means "shepherd". Hutsuls are also called "Ukrainian Highlanders". Among them, the traditions of quackery are still strong. Hutsul sorcerers are called molfars. They can be white and black. Molfars enjoy unquestioned authority.

8. Hittites

The Hittite state was one of the most influential forces on the geopolitical map of the Ancient World. The first constitution appeared here, the Hittites were the first to use war chariots and revered the double-headed eagle, but information about the Hittites is still fragmentary. In their "tables of courageous deeds" of the kings, there are many notes "for the next year", but the year of the report is unknown. We know the chronology of the Hittite state from the sources of its neighbors. The question remains: where did the Hittites disappear to? Johann Lehmann in his book The Hittites. The people of a thousand gods ”gives the version that the Hittites went north, where they assimilated with the Germanic tribes. But this is just a version.

9. Sumerians

The Sumerians are the most interesting and still one of the most mysterious peoples of the Ancient World. We do not know where they came from, nor what language family their language belonged to. A large number of homonyms suggests that it was tonal (as, for example, modern Chinese), which means that the meaning of what was said often depended on intonation. The Sumerians were one of the most advanced peoples of their time, they were the first in the entire Middle East to use the wheel, created an irrigation system, invented a unique writing system, and the knowledge of the Sumerians in mathematics and astronomy is still amazing.

The ancient people of the Etruscans suddenly appeared in human history, but also suddenly disappeared into it. According to archaeologists, the Etruscans inhabited the northwestern part of the Apennine Peninsula and created a fairly developed civilization there. It was the Etruscans who founded the first cities in Italy. Historians also believe that Roman numerals can also be called Etruscan. It is not known where the Etruscans disappeared. According to one version, they moved to the east and became the ancestors of the Slavic ethnic group. Some scholars argue that the Etruscan language is very close to Slavic in its structure.

The origin of the Armenians remains a mystery. There are many versions. Some scientists correlate Armenians with the people of the ancient state of Urartu, but the genetic component of the Urartians is present in the genetic code of the Armenians in the same way as the genetic component of the same Hurrians and Luwians, not to mention the proto-Armenians. There are Greek versions of the origin of the Armenians, as well as the so-called "Hayasian hypotheses", in which Hayas, the territory to the east of the Hittite kingdom, becomes the ancestral home of the Armenians. Scientists have not given a final answer to the question of the origin of the Armenians and most often adhere to the migration-mixed hypothesis of Armenian ethnogenesis.

According to linguistic and genetic studies, the ancestors of the Gypsies left the territory of India in an amount not exceeding 1000 people. There are about 10 million Roma in the world today. In the Middle Ages, gypsies in Europe were considered Egyptians. The very word Gitanes is derived from the Egyptian. Tarot cards, which are considered the last surviving fragment of the cult of the Egyptian god Thoth, were brought to Europe by the gypsies. They were not in vain called "Pharaoh's tribe." It was also striking for the Europeans that the gypsies embalmed their dead and buried them in crypts, where they laid everything necessary for life after death. These funeral traditions are still alive among the gypsies today.

Jews are one of the most mysterious of the living peoples. For a long time it was believed that the very concept of "Jews" is more cultural than ethnic. That is, that "Jews" were created by Judaism, and not vice versa. In science, there are still fierce discussions about what the Jews originally were - a people, a social stratum or a religious denomination.

There are many mysteries in the history of the Jewish people. At the end of the 8th century BC, five-sixths of the Jews completely disappeared - 10 out of 12 ethno-forming genera. Where did they go is the big question. There is a version that Finns, Swiss, Swedes, Norwegians, Irish, Welsh, French, Belgians, Dutch, Danes, Irish and Welsh, that is, almost all European peoples, come from the Scythians and Cimmerians, as descendants of 10 tribes. The question of the origin of the Ashkenazim and their closeness to the Jews of the Middle East also remains debatable.

The Guanches are the natives of Tenerife. The mystery of how they ended up in the Canary Islands has not yet been solved, since they did not have a fleet and did not have sailing skills. Their anthropological type did not correspond to the latitudes where they lived. The rectangular pyramids on the island of Tenerife, similar to the Mayan and Aztec pyramids in Mexico, also cause controversy. Neither the time of their construction nor the purpose for which they were erected is known.

Neighboring peoples wrote a lot about the Khazars, but they themselves left practically no information about themselves. How unexpectedly the Khazars appeared on the historical stage, just as suddenly they left it. Historians still do not have sufficient archaeological data about what Khazaria was like, nor an understanding of what language the Khazars spoke. It is also unknown where they eventually disappeared. There are many versions. There is no clarity.

The age, origin and language of the Basques is one of the main mysteries of modern history. The Basque language - Euskara, is considered the only relict pre-Indo-European language that does not belong to any existing language family. As for genetics, according to a 2012 study by the National Geographic Society, all Basques contain a set of genes that significantly distinguishes them from other peoples around them.

The Chaldeans are a Semitic-Aramaic people who lived at the end of the 2nd - beginning of the 1st millennium BC. in southern and middle Mesopotamia. In 626-538 BC. in Babylon, the Chaldean dynasty ruled, which founded the Neo-Babylonian kingdom. The Chaldeans were a people still associated with magic and astrology. In ancient Greece and ancient Rome, priests and fortune-tellers of Babylonian origin were called Chaldeans. The Chaldeans made predictions to Alexander the Great and his heirs Antigonus and Seleucus.

The Sarmatians are one of the most mysterious peoples in world history. Herodotus called them "lizard-headed", Lomonosov believed that the Slavs descended from the Sarmatians, and the Polish gentry called themselves their direct descendants. The Sarmatians left a lot of mysteries. They probably had a matriarchy. Some scientists lead the roots of the Russian kokoshnik from the Sarmatians. Among them, the custom of artificial deformation of the skull was widespread, due to which the human head took on the shape of an elongated egg.

The Kalash are a small people living in northern Pakistan in the Hindu Kush mountains. He is probably the most famous "white" people of Asia. Disputes about the origin of the Kalash continue today. The Kalash themselves are sure that they are the descendants of the Macedonian himself. The Kalash language is called phonologically atypical; it has retained the basic composition of Sanskrit. Despite attempts at Islamization, many Kalash retain polytheism.

The modern name "Palestine" comes from "Philistia". The Philistines are the most mysterious people mentioned in the Bible. In the Middle East, only they and the Hittites owned the technology of steel smelting, marking the beginning of the Iron Age. The Bible says that this people comes from the island of Caphtor (Crete), although some historians correlate the Philistines with the Pelasgians. Both Egyptian manuscripts and archaeological finds testify to the Cretan origins of the Philistines. Where the Philistines disappeared to is still not clear. Most likely, they were assimilated by the peoples of the Eastern Mediterranean.

Earth is a truly unique planet, where many different people with different ethnicity, appearance, nationality, religion and perception of the world are gathered. The continents share the territory, but not the population living on them. Peoples that have existed side by side for more than one century, in most cases peacefully divide the territory, adopting useful knowledge from each other and forming a common cultural heritage.

Each nation is unique in its own way, it is the custodian of its culture, passing on national customs and traditions from generation to generation, and contributes its own to the creation of a common culture of all mankind.

Europe

The modern states of Europe were formed on the site of the former Roman Empire, then in its possessions there were vast lands, starting from the west, where the Germanic tribes ruled to the cities of North Africa. The wars that took place also influenced the formation of the ethnos, when the population of Europe migrated, the borders of countries were again modified due to martial law.

The largest ethno-linguistic community in Europe is the Slavs. The Slavs include: Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Russians, Belarusians, Ukrainians, Bulgarians, Serbs, Croats and nine other peoples.

The most numerous peoples living in Europe are Russians (more than 130 million), Germans (more than 80 million), French (more than 65 million), Italians (more than 59 million), British (58 million), Spaniards (46 million), Ukrainians (over 45 million) and Poles (over 44 million). Also in Europe, there are more than two million Jews belonging to several groups. There are also nomadic peoples - the gypsies, with a population of over four million people.

The main religious trends common among the peoples of Europe are Catholicism, Orthodoxy, Protestantism and Islam.

The cultural component of Europe stands on three pillars: personal culture, universalism and freedom of creative expression. This forms the basis of Christian norms, even in those countries where other forms of religion predominate, Christian roots can be traced. Here, the basis for the existence of society is freedom (of self-expression, creativity, worldview) and tolerance for others, the acceptance of another person with certain characteristics and views on the reality that is happening.

A characteristic feature for the European population has become mass culture, which implies both mass production and mass consumption. She received full coverage of all areas of activity, ranging from art, music and cinematography, ending with youth subcultural trends.

Asia

Asia is the largest part of the world, forming together with Europe the continent of Eurasia. Most of the population of Asia is made up of the peoples of China and India (about 40% of the total population), and the list of the largest states includes: Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Japan and the Philippines. Each of these states has over 100 million inhabitants.

If we disassemble the cultural centers, then Asia can be divided into four conditional parts:

  1. Southeast Asia. There is a Buddhist worldview here.
  2. Near East. The birthplace of Islamic culture.
  3. East Asia. The epicenter of the Confucian worldview is China, which has a huge influence on Japan and Korea.
  4. South Asia. India and Hindu culture dominate here.

However, despite such fragmentation, all the peoples of Asia have similar features that can distinguish them from others.

One of these features is a respectful attitude to traditions and culture, in most countries they spend the same holidays for years, follow the established rules of behavior and communication in society, adhere to strict upbringing and honor elders. The latter came from tribal communities where the chief elder was held in high esteem; many Asian countries still observe this law.

Most of the ethnic group believes in the need for a centralized state. Many countries in Asia are essentially limited democracies, led by a charismatic and strong leader, or even authoritarian monarchies.

Of the large nationalities, a special place is occupied by:

Africa

If in Europe and Asia it is quite easy to draw up a picture of the ethnic composition and identify large peoples, then in Africa things are different. Up to 8,000 different peoples are recited here, most of them have two to three thousand people and are located in a small area. According to some estimates, more than 3,000 tribes live in Africa, speaking a thousand languages, some of which are poorly understood.

The largest ethnic groups found in Africa are: Arabs, Hausa, Yoruba, Algerian and Moroccan Arabs, Igbo, Fulbe, Aromo, Amhara.

The culture of local peoples is significantly different from European ones. North Africa is characterized as a more developed civilization, the South and Tropics have taken a different path of development, which is why they are so distinctive. Here, the vast majority of residents still live in tribes, where strict rules are established for family life, work and general society. For example, circumcision is a necessity dictated by strict rules, and women in most tribes do not have the right along with men.

Most of the peoples of Africa believe in the existence of magical influences, they make amulets from the evil eye, perform traditional rituals, create totems to protect against various natural disasters and the wrath of the gods, there is even a sacrifice to get a rich harvest, fertile soil, stable rains.

North America

In North America, the indigenous population was divided into three large groups, each of them lived on its own territory, had special traditions and customs that have survived to this day with some changes. The central part of North America was occupied by the Indians, the coasts and islands were inhabited by the Aleuts, and the northern regions went to the Eskimos.

If the Eskimos managed to save their people, then the Aleuts almost completely disappeared - their number was reduced by three times. After colonization, the Spaniards, Portuguese, British and French came to America. Most settled on this mainland, mixing with the Americans and the indigenous population. So there were Americans of English origin, and French-Canadians, and Barbadians (descendants of slaves brought from Africa).

The culture of North America is characterized by an enviable patriotism, and it is observed both among the natives and among visitors during the colonization of the United States. The modern culture of the local ethnic group is a combination of the values ​​of the original population and the innovative reforms of the colonizers. Here, totem buildings still coexist with great skyscrapers, and in the remote corners of the country you can see yurts, bizarre drawings of disappeared tribes, and dwellings of indigenous settlers.

Population of North America:

South America

The modern population of South America is diverse - there are Americans, and immigrants from Europe, and descendants of slaves brought from Africa, and mixed groups (mestizos, mulattoes, sambos). The indigenous settlers are groups of Indian peoples, most of them still live in South America, for example, the Arawaks, Vayu, Vapishana, a smaller one has not survived to our times, for example, the Charrua. Some peoples have practically disappeared from America, their number today does not exceed 10 thousand people. At the ethnic level in South America, three main classes can be distinguished: Indians, representatives of the Negroid race and representatives of the Caucasian race.

The culture of South America is very colorful and original. South American countries have a rich musical heritage; it is here that such genres as cumbia and samba originate. South America has become the birthplace of the creation of new musical trends, the world-famous Argentine tango dance has also appeared here.

South America is an example of a successful borrowing of knowledge and skills among peoples, which generalizes various ethnic groups into a single system. The bulk of the population cannot even accurately infect this or that custom, they do not know where it originates and whose people were the primary source. Here traditions are passed down from generation to generation.

South American population:

Australia

Australian Aborigines are considered the indigenous people of Australia, they live apart from other peoples of the world and have their own language group. Now in Australia there are more than 55 thousand people who speak Australian languages, the most common of them is the language of the Western Desert, it is spoken by about 7000 people.

Australian aborigines are prominent representatives of the ancient inhabitants of the earth, the peoples have a similar way of life with the peoples that existed at the stage of the birth of world culture. Indigenous people prefer to stay in the deserts, hunt and farm, live in unity with nature.

After the arrival of the settlers, the ethnic groups on this mainland underwent significant changes. Now the largest group are Anglo-Australians (Australians of English origin), there are also Afghans, Hungarians, Indians, Chinese.

Although the majority of Australia's population is English-speaking, this country stands out from the list of other English-speaking countries. The first distinctive feature is egalitarianism, which implies the equality of all members of society. All the peoples of Australia, without exception, have the same legal, economic and political opportunities. The value of equality for men, women and children is fundamental to Australia.

Friendliness and good relations can be attributed to another feature; on the territory of this mainland, the natives peacefully coexist with visiting colonizers. The indigenous population even got back the territories they owned before the arrival of Europeans.