V. Vasnetsov "Alyonushka". Vasnetsov's painting "Alyonushka": its history and description Vasnetsov Alyonushka the history of the painting

Class: 5

Presentation for the lesson

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Goals

education : teaching students to compose a text-description on a picture

Parenting: acquaintance of students with the life and work of the Russian painter V.M. Vasnetsov

Development: development of creative activity and aesthetic perception of works of art by students

Tasks:

development of observation, the ability to peer into the phenomena of life (comprehension of the content of the picture);
the development of fantasy, the ability, on the basis of developed observation, to create an artistic image, expressing one’s attitude to reality, to build a text in a certain compositional form, beautifully, correctly, consistently, express one’s thoughts (tasks that contribute to the verbalization of viewer impressions, the use of language expressive means in writing (epithets , comparison, metaphor, personification);
development of the ability to express in words not only the plot, but also the worldly content, which is hidden in the entire artistic structure.

Equipment:

computer
projector
screen
presentation
exhibition of literature about V.M. Vasnetsov
exhibition of reproductions of the artist

During the classes

1. Organizational moment (1 minute)

2. Introduction (1 minute)

Being a fan of the work of any artist, as for the first time, you peer into long-familiar canvases that still delight with majestic depth, a bright palette of colors, but, as before, are shrouded in a mysterious haze. Today let's plunge into the magical world of the fairy-tale artist Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov and enjoy the role of art historians, connoisseurs of beauty, "little" writers when working with the plot of the painting "Alyonushka".

A story about the life and work of the Russian painter V.M. Vasnetsov (student's speech, 3 minutes)

“It’s good to be the son of an artist after all!” - thought Volodya Vasnetsov, lying on the grass in the garden. No one has a home like theirs. Daddy invented it himself. What an amazing house! Fairy-tale tower-teremok. Made of thick logs folded, with a high tower. And above the tower there is a roof, curved like a tent, just like in fairy-tale palaces. The rooms are big. The furniture in the house is all wooden, durable, decorated with carvings, antique lamps, strips of multi-colored tiles on the stoves, paintings and photographs on the walls. And it smells so amazing of turpentine and paints!

Daddy - the famous artist - Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov. He is very strict, his word in the house is law. Even at the table, only he and the guests can talk, and the children must listen and keep quiet. The most interesting thing in the house, of course, is on the second floor. A twisted wooden staircase leads upstairs. There is a workshop. No one is allowed to go there, especially when daddy is working. And if someone comes in, he should not interfere and tell everyone what he saw there. Not without reason, on the wall near the door, an angel is drawn with a finger pressed to his lips - “the angel of silence”.

The workshop is huge, the ceiling and windows are tall - so that there is a lot of light. And daddy’s paintings are also huge - he even climbs onto a stepladder to paint the upper part. And on the canvases, there is just no one! Ivan Tsarevich rides the Gray Wolf. Baba Yaga flies in the mortar. Scary! A fang sticks out of his mouth, and holds a baby under his arm! And here is Koschey the Immortal sitting on the throne, holding a bloody sword in his hand! There Princess Nesmeyana yearns, The flying carpet flies over the mountains, over the valleys ... The frog princess dances at the feast: she waved her sleeve, and swans flew out of it. And, of course, three Russian heroes, proud and fearless.

Daddy doesn't talk much. But sometimes in the evening you come to him, and he begins to talk about himself:

I grew up in a village, not far from Vyatka, there were ten houses there. There are six of us, brothers, and all of us have the same felt boots and short fur coats. In the summer it's good, all day long on the street and in the forest we run barefoot, in the same trousers. Well, in winter, more and more people sat on the stove and listened to fairy tales. The days are short, the nights are long and dark, and the winter seems to never end. Let's light a torch - a wooden stick, it burns, crackles, the fire is small, oscillates from side to side, and the shadows walk around the camps. It seems that someone is about to jump out of a dark corner, either a goblin or Baba Yaga.

That's why they stand up as if alive in daddy's pictures! And my grandfather, Mikhail Vasilyevich, was a priest in the church. A well-educated man himself, he tried to give children a versatile education, to develop inquisitiveness and observation in them. The family read scientific journals, drew, painted with watercolors. Great-grandmother Olga Alexandrovna was fond of painting in her youth. Daddy's breath was taken away with happiness when grandmother opened the lid of the old chest where the paints were.

Papenka also at first wanted to become a priest, he studied at the seminary, but then he went to St. Petersburg, to enter the Academy of Arts. He was so unsure that they would accept him that, having passed the exams, he did not even come to find out about the results. I studied at the Drawing School for a year, when I decided to try my luck again at the Academy, I was surprised that I was enrolled in it last year.

At first, papa painted pictures about poor people, and then he wanted to create a fairy tale ... He says that every nation has its own fairy tales, and the character is clearly visible in them. I remember his words: “I have always been convinced that in fairy tales, songs, epic stories, and drama, the whole integral image of the people, internal and external, with the past and present, and perhaps the future, is reflected.”

One of papa's contemporaries wrote: “An artist's talent must be great, his personality should be bright and pure in order to capture the viewer, flood him with a wave of genuine feeling! Such phenomena are not often encountered - Rus' should be proud of such an artist as Viktor Mikhailovich.

The story about the painting by V.M. Vasnetsov "Alyonushka" (student's performance, 2 minutes)

Have you been to the Moscow State Tretyakov Gallery? No?! Then I invite you to go to the magnificent fairy-tale hall. Take a look at one of the paintings ... Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov "Alyonushka".

Alyonushka walked through the forest. I walked through the spruce. I walked along the birch forest. And went to a dark pond-lake. The lake is dark and deep. Tired. She sat on a rock near the water. And the water in the lake is dark and heavy. Like lifeless water. It won't splash. Doesn't move. Alyonushka is sitting on a rock. Duma thinks. Not fun. Sad and sad.

The same feelings were in Viktor Vasnetsov's soul after he read the tale about Alyonushka in Afanasyev's collection of fairy tales. The artist heard this tale more than once in childhood, it touched him deeper and stronger than others, sunk into his soul and the dreary melody that came from the bottom of the river, and the whole poetic situation of the tale with its triumph of truth. Vasnetsov thought about Alyonushka, and the idea of his new composition became clearer and clearer.

“Alyonushka,” the artist later said, “as if she had been living in my head for a long time, but in reality I saw her in Akhtyrka when I met one simple-haired girl who struck my imagination. There was so much melancholy, loneliness and purely Russian sadness in her eyes ... Some kind of special Russian spirit emanated from her. Critics and, finally, myself, since I have a sketch from one orphan girl from Akhtyrka, have established that my "Alyonushka" is a natural-genre piece! Don't know! May be. But I will not hide the fact that I really looked into the features of the face, especially into the radiance of the eyes of Verusha Mamontova, when I wrote "Alyonushka". Here are the wonderful Russian eyes that looked at me and the whole of God's world in Abramtsevo, and in Akhtyrka, and in the Vyatka villages , and on Moscow streets and bazaars and live forever in my soul and warm it!"

Igor Grabar, with his characteristic clarity, defines the qualities of the picture:

"V. M. Vasnetsov in 1881 creates his masterpiece - "Alyonushka", either a genre or a fairy tale, a charming lyrical poem about a wonderful Russian girl, one of the best paintings of the Russian school." (The whole story is accompanied by music by P.I. Tchaikovsky "The Seasons. October")

3. Making sense of the picture

So Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov became, whose “bright appearance ... is inextricably linked with kind gray-blue eyes, a long, converging “chisel” light blond beard, with a huge semicircular palette, wide tassels, a mushtabel and a long one - once blue, and now with a faded dressing gown, picturesquely smeared with non-washable oil paint, a little closer to us. “A true hero of Russian painting,” as his contemporaries called him. And now we have an amazing opportunity: to penetrate deeply into the world of one of the magnificent creations of the painter.

Conversation with students on the picture (5 minutes)

(Conversation is a type of work familiar to students, but no less effective. The role of the teacher is to direct the conversation in the right direction, not forgetting that the topic of the conversation is the work of V.M. Vasnetsov, his thematic and spiritual connection with the Russian people. During conversation, students are asked to describe what they see, paying attention to artistic techniques, the language of painting, its expressiveness and expressiveness.The teacher pays special attention to the speech of students, its accuracy and imagery, notes the emotionality of statements.)

Take a close look at the reproduction of the painting. Who do we see in the center? (Alyonushka immediately attracts our attention. She is depicted almost in the center of the canvas facing the viewer).

Why are there no other characters in the picture besides her? ( To emphasize her loneliness, the artist did not place other characters in the picture).

Why did V. M. Vasnetsov call his work “Alyonushka”? (Probably, the painter wanted his composition to be associated with the famous Russian folk tale).

Determine what morpheme is used to form the word "Alyonushka"? (Suffix -ushk).

What role does this suffix play? (The suffix has a diminutive meaning, which shows how dear this image is to the artist).

Carefully consider the central image of the picture. What is Alyonushka doing? ( She sits with her legs tucked under her, her arms around her knees and her head bowed, her fingers tightly clasped around her knees.)

Where is she sitting? (Alyonushka sits on a stone near a forest pond)

What is she wearing? (She is wearing a dark gray shabby sundress with flowers, an old faded blue shirt. Her feet are bare).

What is the expression on her face? (She has a sad, pensive, motionless look. She is saddened, thoughtful, saddened. Tears cover her deep brown eyes, her chestnut hair falls in tangled strands over her shoulders. Her mouth is slightly open, as if the heroine is talking about something, referring to someone unknown) .

Tasks that contribute to the verbalization of spectator impressions

- “According to folk legends, nature acquires the ability to feel in harmony with man, especially at the end of the day. Similar sensations, as I. Dolgopolov writes in the article “V. Vasnetsov”, are inherent in the artist himself. That is why the state of nature and the feelings of the heroine are so organically coordinated in Alyonushka. Let's take a closer look at the state of nature from different angles of the composition. (Students are offered fragments of the picture)

Why did the artist choose the autumn landscape? ( Withering of nature, sadness, but at the same time, extraordinary beauty and abundance of colors).

What objects (phenomena) of nature should be considered in order to determine the role of nature in this picture? (Pond, water, forest, trees, foliage, sky, stone, birds, grass, time of day, state of nature)

Task 1 (5 minutes)

Target setting: select key words, phrases for the listed objects (phenomena) that will help convey the mood and state of nature

Pond - a pool, deep, calm, thoughtful, unclouded, bottomless, mysterious, quiet backwater

Water - black, dark, transparent, clean, mirror

The forest is a dense spruce forest, alert, gloomy, lively, sympathetic, a wonderful corner of Russian nature, they ate like guards

Trees - young slender sad birches, thin tender aspens

Foliage, leaves - golden, fallen, chilled, yellow, like swans

Grass - sharp green, like arrows, sedge stalks

The sky is cloudy, gray, dreary

Wind - light, playful, gentle

Stone - gray, white combustible

Birds - chirping swallows, little birdies-girlfriends

Time of day - twilight, quiet evening, setting sun

The state of nature is quiet, sad around, autumn sadness and deep silence

Let's turn to the color tones of the picture. What colors prevail in the picture? (Soft, deep cold tones of dark oily red-brown, dark green colors. Browned grass, reddish autumn foliage, yellowed greens emphasize the overall brown-green tone of the picture. In addition to soft tones, we see in the picture a light strip of fading dawn, bright emerald sedge greenery, pink flowers on Alyonushka's sundress and a blue blouse.Using bright, contrasting tones, the artist enhances the impression created by the picture).

Pay attention to the composition of the picture. Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov uses a leisurely, detailed letter, clearly depicting each element of the picture, the composition is built on a strict rhythm, on the smooth flow of the lines of the heroine's figure with a bowed head and the slopes of plants, which brings melodiousness to the picture, showing the close relationship between man and nature, which guards peace girls.

How are the trees in relation to the heroine? (They closed in a semicircle behind the heroine’s back, sheltering her from the hostile world. Symmetrically, on the right and left, as if embracing and reassuring, young slender aspens stopped at the same distance, on one of which swallows chirp - cute birdies-girlfriends. All objects are depicted on eye level, thus, nature and Alyonushka form a circle of friends who are ready to lend a helping hand to another).

Task 2 (2 minutes)

So our close acquaintance with the painting by V.M. Vasnetsov "Alyonushka" Now we have to plunge into the enchanting world of creativity. It is important for us not only to tell about what is depicted in the picture, in the form of an essay, but to try to penetrate the soul of the heroine, convey her feelings, express her impression. Before starting your creative work, you need to carefully consider the components of the work, draw up a plan.

Target setting: you are offered three options for the plan, determine the one that seems to you suitable for your possible presentation of the future essay, try to determine why the selected option is of interest to you. It is possible that none of the options will not be acceptable, and you will try to make your own. (Variants of essays are offered to each student on cards)

Option 1

Artist V.M. Vasnetsov and his painting "Alyonushka".
The girl at the whirlpool.
Nature sympathizes with Alyonushka.
Painting colors.
What thoughts and feelings does the painting evoke?

Option 2

The name of the picture and its author.
Information about the artist.
The general impression that the picture makes:

Description of Alyonushka (the place where she sits, posture, clothes, hair, hands, thoughts of the heroine, mood, etc.);

Description of nature (pond, forest, sky, trees, birds, grass, wind, time of day, state of nature, etc.);

The color scheme of the paints of the picture;

The composition of the picture (arrangement of trees, Alyonushki, their relationship)

Conclusion.

Option 3

What picture will I describe?
Who is in the picture?
a) appearance (clothing, facial expression);
b) posture;
c) emotional state.

Harmony of the feelings of man and nature.
a) description of the autumn landscape (what is depicted);
b) how nature conveys human feelings (how did the artist manage to convey the longing and sadness of Alyonushka with the help of paints?)

Feature of the picture (how this picture attracts attention, what makes it special, which I especially liked)
Describe how you feel when you look at the picture. What kind of mood do you create?
Conclusions (what is the idea of the artist, what thought did the author want to convey to the viewer).

Task 3 (5 minutes)

Every writer is familiar with the situation when you do not know where to start. From what thought to push off, so that the essay begins to acquire harmony and logic.

Target setting: each of you has colored cards that indicate the task associated with preparing the introduction to the essay.

(Students are offered multi-level tasks. This form of work makes it possible to approach students individually, taking into account their abilities, level of development and training).

red card

Exercise. Make up sentences from the suggested words to form the text of the introduction of your essay.

V.M. Vasnetsov, Russian, artist, famous

Paintings, "The Frog Princess", his, everyone, "Sleeping Beauty", are familiar, "Heroes", well

Became, "Alyonushka", one of the, painting, painted, bright, in 1881, by the painter

(V.M. Vasnetsov is a famous Russian artist. Everyone is familiar with his paintings “The Frog Princess”, “Sleeping Beauty”, “Bogatyrs”. One of the brightest paintings was “Alyonushka”, painted by the painter in 1881).

Yellow card

Exercise.

Autumn. Shore of a forest lake…

(A lonely sad girl sits on a white-burning stone near the water. How much sadness and longing in her eyes! Tears drip, and golden swan leaves fly down).)

green card

Exercise. Continue the text you have begun by writing 2-3 sentences that will become the introduction of your essay.

Dear friend! You must have seen the paintings of V.M. Vasnetsov "Flying Carpet", "Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf". But…

(But today I want to tell you about the wonderful painting "Alyonushka", which you can see in the State Tretyakov Gallery. It deeply moved me.).

Music and poetry contribute to a deep perception of works of art, awareness and experience of their subject matter. Carefully follow what will happen on the screen now, listen to the enchanting sounds of music.

(Video clip for the song "Alyonushka", lyrics by A. Usachev, music by A. Pinegin, performed by E. Romanova using fragments from the animated film "Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka", Soyuzmultfilm film studio, Moscow, 1953

The sun has set in the thicket, the gloomy forest around the wall,
Alyonushka was saddened, how now she can live alone.
She has neither a dear mother nor a dear father with her,
Tears drip on the pebbles near the forest lake.
Who will dispel bitter thoughts, who will help her in trouble?
Only reeds alone with sedge are reflected in the water.
And my dear little side is getting sadder and sadder,
It's a pity Alyonushka doesn't know what will happen to her next.
A girl will meet happiness and find her love,
Oh, how fun it is to hope, knowing the tale in advance).

What reflection did the picture of V.M. Vasnetsov "Alyonushka" in this video clip and music? (A sad song performed in a very gentle, ringing voice, the plot of an animated film for a well-known fairy tale, which gave the idea of painting a picture, and the painter's canvas itself merged, giving the audience new sensations and impressions from an already known masterpiece).

(All the tasks of the lesson fulfill one of the main tasks of the teacher - to make it clear to children that in art nothing is ever depicted just like that, for the sake of the image - otherwise it is not art. The image is only a practical goal, a product of labor, but through it the artist always expresses his attitude to the depicted, their thoughts and feelings.

The practical activity of students, the activity of perceiving art, when they act as a spectator, mastering the experience of artistic culture, has a creative character. Only in the unity of the perception of works of art and their own creative practical work does the formation of figurative artistic thinking of children take place.

A very important methodological principle is the unity of perception and creation. Education provides for a harmonious balance of theory and practice. Even the most interesting story of the teacher is not enough, the participation of the students themselves is necessary. Understanding the true value of art should be strengthened in the minds of children from lesson to lesson devoted to working with artists' canvases.)

4. Summary of the lesson

Concluding our lesson, I would like to know how well you remember and imbued everything that was said today. You are asked to resolve several situations.

Situation 1

Your friend wrote a letter and spoke about the life and work of the artist Isaac Ilyich Levitan. What artist can you talk about after today's lesson? (About Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov).

Situation 2

You watched the game “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire” with enthusiasm, heard the question, which picture belongs to the brush of the artist V.M. Vasnetsov, and answers:

A "March" B "Morning in a pine forest"

C "The Ninth Wave" D "Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf")

Name the correct answer. (D "Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf")

Situation 3

You and your mother are going to go on summer vacation to Moscow. Discussing the program of the trip, she asked if it was interesting in which museum it would be possible to see the painting by V.M. Vasnetsov "Alyonushka" Give mom an answer. (The painting by V.M. Vasnetsov "Alyonushka" is stored in the State Tretyakov Gallery).

5. Reflection.

If you liked the lesson, you worked well and are sure that you will successfully cope with writing an essay at home, raise the green chip

If you liked the lesson, you did well, but you feel that writing an essay may be difficult, raise the yellow chip

If you didn’t like the lesson, you didn’t learn anything interesting, you feel that you can’t cope with writing an essay without outside help, raise the pink chip.

6. Homework.

Write an essay based on the painting by V.M. Vasnetsov "Alyonushka"

The remarkable composer SV Rachmaninov said: "The highest quality of any art is its sincerity." Today we were able to fully verify this.

From student essays

“Alyonushka is sitting on a big stone, sad and sad. The cheeks are ruddy, the mouth is ajar, and in the eyes there is a deep longing. She is wearing a sundress and a blue blouse, her bare legs are tucked under her. In front of her is a calm, gloomy pond, the water in it is cold. Sedge stalks shot up like arrows. Fallen leaves, like swans, float on the smooth surface of a quiet backwater. The dense, dense forest falls asleep in the advancing twilight. Yellowed birches, like guards, protect the orphan. Little songbirds, like girlfriends, sympathize with the poor girl.

I admire this picture, experiencing delight, because V.M. Vasnetsov was able to show a deep understanding of the soul of the Russian people.
(Slinkina Ekaterina)

“Alyonushka walked through the dense forest. She sat down on a large pebble and mourned. Slender aspens pity the girl. Swallows-girlfriends sing a sad song. Leaves float like butterflies in the dark mirror water of the pond. Sad eyes, bowed head. Alyonushka is thinking a sad thought ... "
(Nikolaeva Svetlana)

“The sad Alyonushka is sitting on a pebble, with her hands folded on her knees and her head bowed. Sad about something about himself. In an old sundress with red flowers. Around the girl is a fabulous forest - the protector of the orphan. Thin aspens nearby console her. Thoughtful pond, mirror water is deep ... "
(Sophia Shipitsyna)

“The name of Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov is well known to all art lovers. He created a wonderful fairytale gallery. "Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf", "Three Heroes", "Baba Yaga" and many other paintings delight many generations. Among them there is a touching work "Alyonushka", written in 1881.
Autumn. The shore of the forest pond. Alyonushka is sitting on a stone thinking a great thought. Her bare feet are tucked in, her sad head is laid on tightly clenched hands. An old sundress and a blue blouse on the heroine. The expression on his face is sad, his eyes are full of tears, his mouth is slightly open, he sighs with grief.
A large gray stone has a pool, the water in it, like a black mirror, reflects the whole appearance of Alyonushka. Young aspens, like girlfriends, bow their camp nearby, and their leaves whisper among themselves, and the swallows echo them. These songbirds are barely visible against the backdrop of a dense forest, which, like a guard, meekly and strictly protects the heroine from a hostile world.
Twilight. The sky is overcast. The breeze barely stirs the leaves of the yellowed birch trees. The state of nature is sad, quiet, sad, everything is going through her grief together with the orphan.
V.M. Vasnetsov used cold, gloomy, dark colors that convey sadness and loneliness. But in contrast there are also bright shades of colors that serve as an expression of hope, faith and love.
The artist managed to convey the state of the Russian soul in difficult moments of life and the complete harmony of nature in sympathy with her.
(Rybin Mikhail)

Don't judge too harshly. They are still learning. The main thing is that they have a great desire to learn. So everything will work out!!! I believe in them, my students!!!
Efimenko Natalya Viktorovna

Bibliography

Bakhrevsky V. Viktor Vasnetsov. Series "ZhZL". - M., 1979.
Vetrova G. Great canvases // Who lives in the tower? V. Vasnetsov "Bogatyrs". White City, 2005, p. 40.
Vetrova G. The Tale of the Storyteller. Vasnetsov. White city, 2005.
Kudryavtseva L. Vasnetsov. - M., 1999.
Poston. Viktor Vasnetsov. - M., 2007.
Shilova E. Viktor Vasnetsov. Album. - M., 2004.
http://bibliotekar.ru
http://nikki.ucoz.ru/publ/kartinnaja_galereja/vasnecov_v_m/quot_alenushka_quot/67-1-0-387
http://tanais.info
http://vasnecov.ru
http://vasnecov.info/html/data/museum.html
http://www.vasnecov.ru/personality/
http://video.yandex.ru/

Alyonushka

Alyonushka, Alyonushka,
Alena gray-eyed,
you tell me a fairy tale, Alyonushka
tell, tell.
With one stroke of eyelashes
Alena tell me
about flocks of migratory birds
under a whitewashed sky.

Vasnetsov began work on the painting in 1880. The fairy tale "About sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka" is taken as a basis.
At first he painted landscape sketches on the banks of the Vori in Abramtsevo, by the pond in Akhtyrka. Many sketches of this time have been preserved.

Study of a seated girl

In Abramtsevo and its environs, with their oak, spruce, birch forests and groves characteristic of central Russia, the Vorey river, whimsically winding with dark backwaters, ponds overgrown with sedge, deaf ravines and cheerful lawns and hillocks, a type of national landscape was developed.

Pond in Akhtyrka

Here, many of the artist's works were conceived and implemented in whole or in part. Alyonushka was also painted here, a picture in which Vasnetsov most fully and soulfully embodied the lyrical poetry of his native people.
“Alyonushka,” the artist later said, “as if she had been living in my head for a long time, but in reality I saw her in Akhtyrka when I met one simple-haired girl who struck my imagination. There was so much longing, loneliness and purely Russian sadness in her eyes ... Some kind of special Russian spirit emanated from her.
Vasnetsov turned to the tale of Alyonushka and her brother Ivanushka, in his own way, creatively translating it into painting. According to folk legends, nature comes to life at the end of the day, gaining the ability to feel in harmony with man.
Such feelings were to a large extent inherent in the artist himself, which is why the state of nature in Alyonushka was so organically coordinated with the feelings of the heroine. The figure of Alyonushka, thinking about her bitter fate, is echoed, as it were, by the pale gray sky, and the surface of the pool, frightening with its darkness, with yellow leaves frozen on it, and the faded gray tones of the drooping foliage of the aspens, and the dark deep green of the Christmas trees.

Alyonushkin pond

"Alyonushka"...
Autumn. A cold dawn pierced the low cloudy sky like a thin arrow.
The black pool is motionless.
Dense forest is terrible. On the shore, on a large gray stone - Alyonushka, an orphan.
Gentle thin aspens timidly approached the water. Unkind whirlpool. Pegs green arrows of sedge. Cold, hostile gray stone.

Sedge

It's bitter, bitter for an orphan in this thicket. Silent silence.
Suddenly the wind ran through the spruce forest. Aspen leaves rustled and tinkled. The reeds began to sing, the little birds chirped, the bitter little birds, the sad sounds of melancholy and sadness flowed.
Perhaps Alyonushka hears Ivanushka's cry, or the wind carries the noise of high fires, the ringing of cast-iron cauldrons, the subtle, evil laughter of the witch.

Sketch "Alyonushka"

The image of Alyonushka is both real and fabulous at the same time. The sad appearance and dilapidated, poor clothes of the young heroine recreate in memory the artist’s sketch from nature, made from an orphan peasant girl in the year the picture was painted. The vitality of the image is combined here with fabulously poetic symbolism. Above the head of Alyonushka, sitting on a gray cold stone, a thin branch with chirping swallows curved like an arch. According to the famous researcher of the Russian folk tale A.N. Afanasyev, whom Vasnetsov knew through the Abramtsevo circle, the swallow brings good news, consolation in misfortune. The dark forest, pool and loose hair were identified in ancient beliefs with misfortune, danger and heavy thoughts, and a birch growing near the water was a sign of healing.
Even if the artist did not put such detailed symbolism into the canvas, it does not give the impression of hopelessness, perhaps because we remember a fairy tale with a happy ending.

Alyonushka

Such is the magical world of Vasnetsov's painting - real and highly poetic, created by an artist who deeply believed from an early age in the wonderful and magical fabric of a Russian fairy tale and with great innocence gave this faith to people.

Each of us, from an early age, got used to the gentle image of Alyonushka as something unusually close, which entered firmly, forever into our still childish figurative world, and today it is hard for us to believe that contemporaries overlooked the poetic qualities of Alyonushka, but saw how they it seemed that the anatomical and other school errors of Vasnetsov's canvas ...
Perhaps, to some extent, they had a right to this, like those pedants who measured the height of Surikov's Menshikov with an inch.
It seems that art is difficult to reconcile with a centimeter or an inch. Here come the more complex categories - poetry, musicality, nationality.

Here are a few lines from the author's memoirs, revealing the secret of the creation of "Alyonushka":
“The critics and, finally, myself, since I have a sketch from one orphan girl from Akhtyrka, have established that my “Alyonushka” is a natural-genre thing! Don't know! May be.

But I will not hide the fact that I really looked into the features of the face, especially into the radiance of the eyes of Verusha Mamontova, when I wrote "Alyonushka". Here are the wonderful Russian eyes that looked at me and the whole of God's world in Abramtsevo, and in Akhtyrka, and in the Vyatka villages , and on Moscow streets and bazaars and live forever in my soul and warm it!"

Alyonushka, Alyonushka,
Alena gray-eyed,
you tell me a fairy tale, Alyonushka,
tell, tell
about the thirtieth countries,
that everything is in the native side,
I will listen all my life
you, my Alenka.

Alyonushka

Igor Grabar, with his characteristic clarity, defines the qualities of the picture:
"V. M. Vasnetsov in 1881 creates his masterpiece - "Alyonushka", either a genre or a fairy tale, a charming lyrical poem about a wonderful Russian girl, one of the best paintings of the Russian school."
Yes, indeed Vasnetsov is infinitely accessible and simple. But only at first glance, because the birth of each of his canvases is based on a poetic metaphor.
Secret secret...
(I. Dolgopolov "V. Vasnetsov")

Vasnetsov's painting "Alyonushka" is familiar to every Russian kid since childhood: it is she who is most often used to illustrate the tale of brother Ivanushka and sister Alyonushka. It is interesting that initially the artist himself called his painting not “Alyonushka”, but “Fool”. Probably, if the picture had retained its name to this day, it would hardly have been studied at school in a speech development lesson. But the artist, fortunately, changed his mind: he renamed the picture, although the word "Fool" at that time meant only "holy fool" or "orphan". What is the story of Vasnetsov "Alyonushka" did not appear at all by chance. In 1880, he was engaged in landscapes in Akhtyrka, but the image of a fairy-tale girl lived in his head: sad, big-eyed, sad. The image did not want to come together, until one day the artist met a simple-haired unknown girl. Vasnetsov was struck by the extent to which she was Russian, what a Russian spirit emanated from her.

A meeting with a stranger led to the fact that the long-cherished image finally embodied in the picture. In 1881, Vasnetsov's painting "Alyonushka" was first presented at the Traveling Exhibition. There she received the highest, most rave reviews.

Painting "Alyonushka" Vasnetsov. Description

Today it is part of the Russian language program. On her example, schoolchildren get acquainted with the concept of "painting", "composition", some other terms, learn to express their thoughts, choose the right words. What did V.M. Vasnetsov portray? Alyonushka, bare-haired and barefoot, sits on a stone by the water. The girl is probably cold, because autumn has already come. This can be seen from the black water, a few yellow leaves on its surface, from the tree branches beginning to turn yellow in the background.

The girl's hands with thin, tightly clenched fingers lie on her knees. Alyonushka laid her head on them and looked longingly into the pond. What is she thinking? Does he yearn to see his brother? Thinking about what awaits her herself? The artist reflected grief and hopelessness in the eyes of the girl with such force that even tears well up in the eyes of the audience. Alyonushka's loneliness, her confusion and defenselessness are emphasized by the landscape: in the back - impenetrable wilderness, starting immediately after the clearing. Ahead is a black, eye-catching whirlpool. Both the forest thicket and the pool seem especially black against the background of green fir trees, sedges, trees beginning to turn yellow. But it is these trees that fence off, as if protecting Alyonushka from the dark forces of the forest. Even from the black pool grows green sedge. Vasnetsov's painting "Alyonushka" evokes a slight feeling of sadness, but it is not sad at all. After all, if trees turn green, grass grows, then life goes on? And the sad Alyonushka can also become happy? Isn't that what she dreams about? At one time, Igor Grabar called the picture one of the best in the entire Russian school of painting. Perhaps precisely because Vasnetsov managed to convey in the image of Alyonushka not only the image of a Russian girl, but also the soul of a Russian person, capable of sadness, but not able to despair. Someone considers the picture gloomy, sad and hopeless. Others, looking at her, feel a slight sadness, because the end of the tale is well known. What do you feel?

Name of the painting: "Alyonushka"

Canvas, oil.
Size: 173 × 121 cm

Brief history of creation

Description and analysis

Painting "Alyonushka" by V. Vasnetsov

Artist: Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov
Name of the painting: "Alyonushka"
The picture was painted: 1880 - 1881
Canvas, oil.
Size: 173 × 121 cm

Alyonushka, tired of the fruitless search for her brother, sits in a lonely pose on a large stone near a gloomy pond, her head bowed to her knees. Anxious thoughts about her brother Ivanushka do not leave her. Alyonushka is yearning - she could not keep track of her brother - and with her, the nature around is yearning ...

Brief history of creation

The idea of the picture "Alyonushka" was inspired by the lyrical image of the same name of the famous Russian fairy tale "About sister Alyonushka and her brother Ivanushka". The prototype for painting the picture was a real girl whom the artist met during his stay at the Akhtyrka estate in the summer of 1880. In a random girl, the artist saw, in his words, a sea of melancholy, loneliness and some kind of purely Russian sadness. The first sketch was made from it, and almost immediately Vasnetsov decided for himself the concept of the future picture. Despite the uncomplicated plot, Alyonushka has an interesting history.

The artist began work on the painting in 1880. Until now, several sketches made by him during this period that preceded the writing of Alyonushka have been preserved: Pond in Akhtyrka, Alyonushkin Pond, Sedge. Vasnetsov also painted several preliminary sketches from nature of a girl sitting on a rock. The master admitted that when writing the main character on the main canvas, he peered into the facial features of Verusha Mamontova, the daughter of the famous Moscow philanthropist Savva Mamontov. The painting itself was completed in the winter of 1881, after which the author sent it to an exhibition of Wanderers, which was held in Moscow.

Initially, the painting was given the name "Fool Alyonushka". According to some sources, the word "fool" at that time was called orphans or holy fools. The artist did not immediately mention that the picture has a fabulous plot. It is also known that Vasnetsov repeatedly corrected and refined it. Specialists took x-rays of the painting, as a result of which it was possible to establish that the face, neck, shoulder of the girl, as well as the color range of the painting as a whole, were reworked. Apparently, in the first version, "Alyonushka" caused a lot of criticism from the artist's acquaintances and colleagues. Currently, the painting is stored in the Tretyakov Gallery, but during the first exhibition at which it was presented, Tretyakov, despite all the efforts of Vasnetsov, did not honor Alyonushka with his attention, and the painting was bought by A.I. Mamontov for five hundred rubles.

Description and analysis

The painting "Alyonushka" is one of the most popular paintings by the master, based on a Russian folk tale. A young girl sitting on a stone on the banks of an overgrown river attracts with her simple natural beauty. Deep feelings are read in her sad eyes - sadness and at the same time a dream of a happy time that will someday come, girlish dreams and longing for her younger brother. The artist managed to masterfully convey the general sad and peaceful mood in the picture, which is enhanced by images of nature - motionless trees, clouds slowly floating overhead.

In the painting "Alyonushka" the master perfectly displays the close relationship of a simple Russian person with the surrounding nature. It seems that nature is also saddened, like the girl herself depicted on the canvas. Not a single fragment of the picture distracts the viewer from the main plot, but, on the contrary, enhances and emphasizes it. Every detail of the image leads to sad reflections.

The Russian people and Russian writers have written many fairy tales that are passed down from generation to generation. Vasnetsov's merit lies in the fact that he managed to create convincing artistic images filled with a truly folk Russian spirit through pictorial means.

While working on the plot of the picture, Vasnetsov decided to place a defenseless young girl in a truly dead place. Apparently, the author sought in this way to cause a steady pinching in the hearts of the audience. The artist successfully used a fairy tale plot to fully reveal the ambiguous and complex Russian character. Despite the young age of the heroine, she experiences a truly adult sadness. The appearance of a girl with untidy red hair, dark eyes and a plump scarlet mouth betrays in her a child with a difficult fate.

In fact, there is nothing fabulous and fantastic in the appearance of Alyonushka, and the whole fabulousness of the plot is emphasized by the only detail in the composition - a group of swallows sitting above the girl's head. It is known that swallows have long been a symbol of hope. Vasnetsov took advantage of this unusual technique, wanting to balance the longing image of the main character and bring hope for a happy ending to the Russian fairy tale.

The artist skillfully filled the overall landscape of the painting with an atmosphere of sadness and silence. He perfectly managed to depict the frozen water surface of the pond, sedge and motionless spruce. Silence, calmness - even the pond reflects the main character barely noticeably, very delicately. Young trees tremble a little, the sky frowns a little. The dark green tones of the surrounding landscape contrast with the gentle blush on the girl's face, and the autumn sadness contrasts with the bright colors on Alyonushka's dilapidated sundress. According to folk legends, nature comes to life at the end of the day and acquires the magical ability to feel in sync with man. Such a unique ability to live in resonance with nature was inherent in the artist himself. Therefore, Alyonushka's feelings are so coordinated in the picture with the state of the surrounding forest. The viewer, peering into the picture, has a feeling that in a moment the fairy tale will continue ...

The lyrical image of a simple Russian girl with a sad look prompted Vasnetsov to paint a picture from which the primordially Russian spirit breathes. This work of the famous painter is distinguished by its special sincerity and simplicity.

In 2013, the Google search engine, in honor of the anniversary of the artist's birth, on its main page changed the usual logo to a doodle based on the plot of Alyonushka. The bushes in the background of the logo have been redrawn in such a way that they form the name of the company.

The painting "Alyonushka" is the most popular work of the Russian painter V.M. Vasnetsov. He depicted early autumn or late summer, since the reeds and leaves on the trees are not too green. Although you can already see the purple and golden leaves that have fallen to the surface of the water.

Brief biography of the artist

Viktor Vasnetsov is familiar to everyone for his outstanding illustrations for Russian fairy tales. He was born in Vyatka, and received his primary education in a theological seminary. The painter in 1868 went to study at the Academy of Arts, from which he graduated in 1873. After that, the young artist went abroad.

Beginning in 1869, Vasnetsov began to exhibit his works at traveling and academic exhibitions. The artist's work is multifaceted, it includes:

Religious and historical subjects
folk epic
genre scenes

Based on the paintings of this master, a hut on chicken legs and a church in Abramtsevo were created, and the facade of the Tretyakov Gallery was also created. The canvas "Alyonushka" is very popular, Vasnetsov wrote it according to the plot of the fairy tale "Sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka."

History of the painting

The artist in 1880 painted landscapes in Akhtyrka, however, the image of a fabulous, sad and big-eyed girl did not come out of his head. But he could not put it together until one day he saw a simple girl. She struck the artist with her Russian spirit.

This meeting with a stranger helped the painter to translate the image into a picture. Victor first demonstrated it in 1881 at the Traveling Exhibition, where it received the most enthusiastic and high reviews.

Description of the picture

The composition of the work includes only one heroine - a fair-haired and young girl dressed in a Russian folk dress. According to the fairy tale, she had no parents, and the closest person to her was her brother Ivanushka. That is why, at first, the artist wanted to call this canvas "Fool Alyonushka", because before that, orphans were called that.

In the picture you can see how a dark forest surrounded her from all sides. He does not want to let the heroine out of his captivity. The girl's tears drip into the water. Most likely, the artist wanted to warn about the danger that would happen to her brother or had already happened. Alyonushka is sitting in an old gray sundress, with disheveled hair and barefoot.

She is full of thoughts about Ivanushka, suddenly Baba Yaga turned him into a kid. The artist managed to perfectly describe the landscape of the work, which goes well with the character. Nothing can distract the viewer from Alyonushka.

Looking at the ingenious picture, it seems that the heroine finds solace at this pond. The girl, as it were, dissolves in bright colors and becomes part of the picture. Her humility and scratched feet not only attract the audience, but also enchant to her pure image.

In accordance with folk signs, at the end of the day, nature acquires the ability to convey human emotions. The background is copied from the Akhtynka pond, the artist depicted ominous dark green firs and a leaden gray sky. A very gloomy pond spreads under the girl's feet, which frightens people with its depth, it is covered with yellow leaves.

This work of Vasnetsov inspires melancholy, because anyone feels sorry for the poor heroine. The painter managed to draw a realistic and heartfelt event. For its writing, he used mostly green paint. The canvas turned out so bright that it seems as if the pond, the forest and Alyonushka will come to life and appear before the viewer. In those days, critics considered the picture the best.