Profession Electrician. Description of the profession of an electrician. Description of the profession. Electrician for repair and maintenance of electrical equipment Characteristics of the professions electrician for repair and maintenance

Electrician- specialist in installation, repair and maintenance of electrical equipment and electrical circuits. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in physics, mathematics and drawing (see choosing a profession based on interest in school subjects).

Features of the profession

An electrician can work on any electrical equipment: generators, electric motors, teleautomation, etc.

His specific responsibilities - installation, maintenance, disassembly, repair - depend on the place of work. For example, a city electrician can install power lines, install lights on poles, repair them, etc. At the factory, he can service the electrical network, as well as machine tools, generators, etc. By checking the electrical diagrams, he finds a breakdown and carries out repairs. At large enterprises, electricians work in teams and in shifts.

Of the 170 operating metro stations, 52 were without power, and dozens of trains were stuck in tunnels. Even after reaching the surface, people could not go anywhere: traffic lights, trolleybuses and trams did not work. Alarmed people tried to call each other, but this was not always possible: some mobile communication base stations were de-energized, and the rest could not cope with the increased number of calls. And landline phones were mostly useless, because most modern Muscovites use modern electronic devices that cannot work without electricity.

That day, Muscovites looked around them with new eyes. On the one hand, they clearly sensed the vulnerability of the urban structure with its centralized infrastructure. On the other hand, they realized that the existence of modern man depends almost completely on electricity. Electricity is the lifeblood of modern civilization.

So an electrician is one of the most important professions of our time, although not everyone realizes this. Qualified electricians are in constant demand in the labor market.

Dangerous profession. Working with high voltage is dangerous, but an electrician is responsible not only for his own life, but also for the safety of the users of the equipment he installs or repairs. However, electric shock is not the only danger that an electrician is exposed to. Electricians often have to work at high altitudes, and this also requires special care.

Electricians have 6 categories indicating the level of qualification, and 5 groups of electrical safety approval. The group number depends on work experience, level of education and existing skills.
Group I is given to personnel who do not work with electricity, but near potentially dangerous devices.

Groups II and III allow handling electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V. Ordinary installers and service technicians should have such access groups, i.e. so-called electrical personnel. A beginner or minor electrician can only count on group II.

Groups IV and V should be held by electrical engineers, site managers, etc.

Electricians are among the working elite, because... their work requires intelligence and a lot of knowledge. And since technology is constantly updated, every electrician regularly undergoes technical retraining.

Workplace

An electrician can work in production, in a construction organization, in transport enterprises (metro, tram, trolleybus), in the housing and communal services sector, etc. In office centers, large stores, institutes, schools, etc. There are also electricians who service internal electrical networks.

Salary

Salary as of 08/01/2019

Russia 17714—50000 ₽

Moscow 35000—60000 ₽

Important qualities

The profession of an electrician requires logical thinking, a technical mindset, good fine motor skills, keen vision, attentiveness, accuracy, and responsibility. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, eyes, and nervous system are considered contraindications.

Knowledge and skills

An electrician must have basic knowledge of physics, mathematics, mechanics, drawing, be able to read diagrams and drawings, and apply formulas. He is also required to know the structure and technical characteristics of the devices he serves, and to master diagnostic and repair techniques. An electrician must know safety precautions and be able to provide first aid in case of electric shock and other injuries.

Training to become an Electrician (Electrician)

The profession of an electrician can be obtained at a vocational school, college, or through courses. To become an electrical engineer, you need to obtain a college degree.

Electrical fitter electrical repair and maintenance equipment

A widespread and in demand profession at enterprises in various sectors of the national economy. An electrician repairs and maintains power supply systems, electrical equipment, electric motors, lighting and power networks, telecommunications, wired broadcasting, air conditioning, ventilation systems, etc.

Qualification requirements

An electrician is required to have a specialized secondary education, preferably electrical engineering; higher technical education provides additional opportunities for career growth. An electrician must have knowledge of the basics of electronics, electrical engineering, electrical appliances, electric motors, transformers, electrical networks, as well as such qualities as attentiveness, accuracy, caution, discipline. He must have a good eye and coordination of hand movements.

Electricians at a technical school are athletes no matter what!
We run and pull the wires.
We combine the useful with the pleasant,
We cover our native technical school.
People cannot live without light,
We can teach you the basics of electrical engineering.
It won't be difficult for you to lay the wiring,
Easy to connect the washing machine.
Become an electrician - that's our advice,
There will always be light in your home!

Description of the profession

Most people are somehow familiar with the work of an electrician: he is the one who is called when an outlet sparks or a switch does not work.
However, the work of representatives of this profession is by no means limited to this area: most of them work not in housing and communal services, but in production and construction.
An electrician performs assembly and disassembly, adjustment and repair, maintenance of electric motors, generators, teleautomation circuits and other electrical appliances.
Engaged in the installation and repair of overhead power lines and contact networks, lighting installations, and cable laying. Conducts internal electrical networks in residential and industrial premises and performs their repairs. An electrician cleans parts, contacts, draws up drawings and sketches, diagnoses faults and repairs electrical circuits in various devices.
Works on a schedule, indoors or outdoors (sometimes at height), individually or as part of a team.

Education (What do you need to know?)

You can master a profession in vocational schools, colleges and technical schools. An electrician must have basic knowledge of physics, mathematics and drawing, and applied mechanics. Know the design, technical characteristics and principles of operation of the serviced devices and sensors. Understand the types and causes of damage, equipment repair rules.
Industrial training masters in the profession of “Electrician for the repair and maintenance of electrical equipment” in schools and technical schools train good specialists who are well versed in electrical engineering, so graduates do not experience difficulties in finding employment.
The profession is one of the mass ones; there are vacancies in almost all industrial enterprises, construction organizations, electric transport, large farms, etc., as well as, of course, in housing and communal services.

Personal qualities

The profession implies increased responsibility, because an electrician’s mistake can result in a short circuit, fire, electrical injury and other serious consequences. It is recommended for people who are physically resilient, neat, attentive, and have a good reaction to master the profession.

If the phase closes,
If the wires break
Definitely invited
Then go to the electrician's house.

He handles tension well.
Knows where the current is.
He'll fix everything, he'll fix everything
Electricity connoisseur.

He wields the instrument
Can read the diagram
And he will present the document to you
With an admission group of five.

It will light up your everyday life.
It will connect you to the network.
And it’s not difficult for him at all
Urgent call to come.

Yes, an electrician is a reliable friend,
You can go anywhere in life with him!
He has a very complicated device
Will figure it out without difficulty.

Factories stand without it
And the lights don't shine.
Yes, an electrician is out of work -
Nonsense, whatever you say!

It has been said more than once that organizing a comfortable life today is inextricably linked with the use of a variety of electrical appliances. Therefore, it is not surprising that the services of specialists whose work is related to the installation, repair and maintenance of electrical equipment are extremely popular both among the population and in the industrial production sector. These specialists also include representatives of the electrician profession.

It has been said more than once that organizing a comfortable life today is inextricably linked with the use of a variety of electrical appliances. Therefore, it is not surprising that the services of specialists whose work is related to the installation, repair and maintenance of electrical equipment are extremely popular both among the population and in the industrial production sector. These specialists include representatives electrician profession.

It should be noted that the uninitiated layman, as a rule, does not see the difference between an electrician, an electrician or an electrician. Any specialist who works with electricity and electrical engineering is simply called an electrician. And this is wrong, since an electrician, an electrician, and an electrician are different professions, whose representatives have their own responsibilities determined by the specifics of the work. You can learn about what electricians or electricians do from our articles devoted to these professions. And today we’ll talk about the specifics of an electrician’s work, and tell you what personal qualities you need to have to become a true professional.

What is an electrician?

A qualified specialist engaged in the repair and general maintenance of electrical equipment and electrical appliances (including ventilation and air conditioning systems) during their operation.

The name of the profession comes from the Latin ἤλεκτρον (amber, shiny metal) and the French monteur (editor). That is, in fact, these specialists edit (correct) the operation of electrical equipment, achieving maximum efficiency and durability of electrical equipment. The emergence and development of the profession became possible thanks to the technical genius of Nikola Tesla, an outstanding inventor and electrical engineer, whom contemporaries and biographers call nothing less than the “patron saint of electricity.”

Let’s say right away that in almost a hundred years of its existence, the profession has not changed much: as before, electricians monitor the operation of electrical equipment, and, as necessary, carry out routine repairs within the scope of their qualifications. Except that the list of equipment under their control has expanded noticeably, and the professional knowledge of specialists has become much more versatile than 100 years ago.

If we talk about duties of an electrician more specifically, modern specialists perform such work as:

ensuring uninterrupted operation of equipment (including diagnostics of mechanical and electrical circuits, elimination of identified faults, preventive washing of parts and cleaning of contacts);
studying the operating conditions of electrical equipment in order to identify the causes of premature wear and take measures to eliminate them;
conducting instructions for people who directly work with electrical appliances on operating rules and safety precautions;
participation in the assembly and installation of electrical equipment;
drawing up requests for the purchase of spare parts and special tools;
development and implementation of progressive methods of maintenance of controlled devices.

What personal qualities should an electrician have?

Electrician's work, as well as the activities of representatives of all “electrical” professions, is quite dangerous. After all, a specialist not only runs the risk of receiving an electric shock every day, but also very often performs his duties in rather unfavorable and cramped conditions. Therefore, the demands placed on these specialists are very high. In particular, an electrician must be physically strong, resilient and have the following personal qualities:

Since not only the comfort, but also the safety of our lives largely depends on electricians (imagine what happens if electrical equipment fails, for example, in a hospital, during a complex operation), high professional demands are also placed on specialists. A true professional must have real knowledge in the field of physics, chemistry, electromechanics, general energy, power generation, power supply, electronics, metrology, information and measuring technology, etc.

Advantages of being an electrician

It is not difficult to guess that the most significant advantage of being an electrician is in demand. Such specialists are needed always and everywhere, regardless of whether it is the private sector or the industrial production complex. Accordingly, it is quite easy for young professionals to get a job that will bring not only pleasure, but also benefit to people.

What attracts people to this profession is not only the possibility of easy employment, but also the quite decent level of pay. Today, the average monthly salary of electricians in Russia is about 30-40 thousand rubles. In addition, a good specialist has the opportunity to earn additional income by providing services privately. And truly talented and enterprising electricians can even create their own company to provide specialized services.

Another advantage of being an electrician is the ease of obtaining an education, since there are appropriate educational institutions in almost every city and it is quite easy to enroll in them.

Disadvantages of being an electrician

Talking about disadvantages of being an electrician First of all, we need to mention stressful and unsafe working conditions for human life. Not only can any careless movement cost, if not life, then health, but also troubleshooting often has to be done in a state of stress, when every minute counts.

Despite this, electricians, as a rule, work in shifts (that is, according to a fixed work schedule), in the event of an accident or emergency situation, specialists have to go to work. In other words, even if an electrician has a day off, he must be mentally prepared for the fact that he can be called to work at any time.

And most importantly, the profession of an electrician is one of those specialties where you cannot get by with just a diploma. Therefore, training must be taken very, very seriously. After all, even one missed tape or unlearned topic can subsequently cause the death of people.

Reference

“Let there be light!” And it will be thanks to the careful work of electricians. Any creation of human hands requires systematic care. Otherwise, even the most expensive equipment will fail. Electricians constantly monitor electrical equipment. Today there is a great demand for young, qualified personnel. In Russia, blue-collar professions are in demand more than ever. Good working conditions are created for them, wages are increased, and opportunities for additional education and advanced training are provided.

Demand for the profession

Quite in demand

Representatives of the profession Electrician are quite in demand in the labor market. Despite the fact that universities produce a large number of specialists in this field, many companies and many enterprises require qualified Electricians.

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Description of activity

A specialist with this qualification is engaged in the maintenance of electrical equipment. An electrician performs work on assembling, installing, aligning, adjusting, and repairing electrical equipment.

Uniqueness of the profession

Quite common

The majority of respondents believe that the profession Electrician cannot be called rare, in our country it is quite common. For several years now, there has been a demand in the labor market for representatives of the profession Electrician, despite the fact that many specialists graduate every year.

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What education is needed

Secondary vocational education (college, technical school)

To work in a profession Electrician, it is not necessary to have a higher professional education in the relevant specialty. For this profession, it is enough to have a diploma of secondary vocational education obtained from a college or technical school, or, for example, it is enough to complete special courses.

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Job responsibilities

The work responsibilities of an electrician differ depending on the category of specialist. A 2-3 category electrician washes the parts and cleans the contacts. Specialists of the 4th-5th category are engaged in more complex, responsible work. They carry out diagnostics in the mechanical and electrical circuits of devices and devices, and, if necessary, eliminate malfunctions. Drawing up drawings and sketches is also within their competence. The profession is divided into more than 30 specialties, responsibilities depend on the specifics of specific areas and types of production. Disassembly and assembly, adjustment and repair, maintenance of various devices, devices, circuits, instruments, components are functions common to all electricians.

Type of labor

Mostly physical labor

As the survey results show, profession Electrician involves primarily physical labor. Electrician must have good physical fitness, high strength endurance and good health.

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Features of career growth

Everything is extremely simple. An increase in the volume and complexity of work leads to an increase in grade, and an increase in grade leads to an increase in wages. There is also the possibility of administrative promotion (electrician, senior electrician, foreman, technician). In the future, it is possible to organize a private business. We are talking about a workshop for repairing electrical equipment and other equipment.

Career Opportunities

There are enough opportunities

The vast majority of representatives of the profession Electrician believe that they have enough opportunities for career advancement. If an ordinary specialist has such a goal, then it is quite possible for him to occupy a leadership position in this area.

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Profession: Electrician for repair and maintenance of electrical equipment

Type and class of profession

The profession of an electrician belongs to the “Human-Technical” type, it is focused on repair, assembly and adjustment, and maintenance of electrical devices. To successfully perform such work, efficiency, accuracy, certainty of actions, diligence, and discipline are required.

An additional type of profession is “Sign Man”, since the work of an electrician involves working with sign information (instrument readings, numbers, instrument readings, diagrams). To effectively perform his job, an electrician requires developed attention.

The profession of an electrician belongs to the performing class; it involves performing actions according to certain algorithms

Presentation of the profession

Nowadays, due to the rapid growth of global electrification and dependence on electricity, electricians are the most sought-after specialists. The importance of an uninterrupted supply of electricity is so great that in the event of interruptions, enterprises suffer significant losses, since in the event of a power outage, almost all types of industry, railway transport and many other areas of the economy will be almost or completely paralyzed and stopped.
An electrician is a specialist working in the field of electrical and electrical engineering, engaged in the installation, operation or repair of electrical equipment and electrical circuits.

This profession is classified as particularly dangerous. The work of electricians is associated with constant risk and requires care and knowledge of methods of protection against electric shock, as well as methods of providing first aid to victims of electric shock.

Owners of this profession regularly undergo technical retraining, mainly related to technological updating of electrical equipment and communications and testing their knowledge of electrical safety rules.

The profession “Electrician for repair and maintenance of electrical equipment” is included in the listTOP 50 most popular and highly paid professions according to the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation. This profession is so important that international competitions for young professionals WorldSkills are held in the Electrical Installation competency, in age categories from school age to young enterprise workers.

Specialists install complex, high-tech electrical equipment in production, do wiring in homes, and lay overhead and ground cables. The range of work for electricians is expanding, because every year new directions for the development of this field appear.

Today there is a great demand for young, qualified personnel. In Russia, blue-collar professions are in demand more than ever. Good working conditions are created for them, wages are increased, and opportunities for additional education and advanced training are provided.

The social significance of the profession in society.

The modern world cannot be imagined without electricity. The failure of one electrical substation for half a day can literally paralyze a city.
Many Muscovites remember May 25, 2005, when an accident occurred at the Chagino substation and a rolling blackout occurred.
“Chagino” is only one of several Moscow substations, so only part of Moscow was de-energized, but this also hit people hard. Computers, televisions, and electric stoves instantly stopped working, elevators stopped working in buildings, and the water supply dried up. And soon a transport collapse was added to this.
Of the 170 operating metro stations, 52 were without power, and dozens of trains were stuck in tunnels. Even after reaching the surface, people could not go anywhere: traffic lights, trolleybuses and trams did not work.
Alarmed people tried to call each other, but this was not always possible: some mobile communication base stations were de-energized, and the rest could not cope with the increased number of calls.
And landline phones were mostly useless, because most modern Muscovites use modern electronic devices that cannot work without electricity.
That day, Muscovites looked around them with new eyes. On the one hand, they clearly sensed the vulnerability of the urban structure with its centralized infrastructure. On the other hand, they realized that the existence of modern man depends almost completely on electricity. Electricity is the lifeblood of modern civilization.

Historical reference

We are accustomed to turning on the light or any electric heating device with one movement of the hand. Workers – electricians and electricians – are trained to work with this complex equipment. The profession of an electrician is suitable for those who want to realize the dream of a real man's job and who are interested in the creative nature of work. “Let there be light!” - these words, according to the Old Testament, were first spoken by God. That is why electricians jokingly call their profession the first on Earth.

In 1878, English scientist Joseph Swan (1828-1914) invented the electric light bulb. It was a glass flask, inside of which there was an electric filament, so that the filament did not burn out, Swan removed the air from the flask. The following year, the famous American inventor Thomas Edison (1847-1931) also invented the light bulb. After experimenting with threads made from various substances, he chose charred bamboo fibers. In 1880, Edison began producing safety light bulbs, selling them for $2.50. Subsequently, Edison and Swan created a joint company, Edison and Swan United Electric Light Company.

Much in the history of electrical engineering is associated with the name of T. Edison. He is the author of approximately 1000 inventions in the field of electrical engineering. Edison improved the incandescent lamp and built the world's first public power plant (1882). In 1880, the French physicist M. Despres announced the possibility of transmitting electricity through wires. He also built the first power transmission line.

At the end of the 19th century, electrical engineering developed rapidly. Scientists continue to work on the problem of using electricity for lighting and other needs. The famous “electric candle” by P. N. Yablochkov was the first consumer of current. To install wires and cables, people who understood electricity were needed. This is how the profession of electrician appeared. However, with the advent of more and more different electrical devices and the increasing complexity of electrical engineering, the profession is branching into many specialties: electrician, electrical mechanic for equipment repair (depending on specialization), electrician, electrical technician, electrical mechanic, etc. Today, there are several dozen electrical specialties.

The development of the Russian economy is based on electricity. There is no point in listing industries and enterprises that could do without electricity. They simply don't exist. This means that none of them will be able to work without electricians of electrical networks and electrical equipment. It depends on electricians what condition the overhead and cable lines will be in, and they are the first to rush to the rescue where various accidents and breaks occur. The high quality of work of specialists depends on their ability to correctly and quickly connect individual sections of the chain into a whole organism.

Contents of the activity

The work of an electrician is varied; he must disassemble, perform minor repairs, assemble and align electrical machines and devices, install, repair and maintain lighting circuits, electrical equipment, and mark cables. A graduate of this specialty should know and be able to do a lot. It is necessary to have a solid knowledge of the fundamentals of sciences such as electrical engineering, physics, chemistry, and drawing. An electrician must know the purpose of the device and the operating principle of direct and alternating current electric motors and electrical equipment transformers. The profession of an electrician is one of the most important and promising in our country. The safety and efficiency of all industries, private companies, offices, and residential properties largely depend on the uninterrupted operation of electrical equipment.

Under his supervision are power and lighting electrical installations, transformer substations, and electrical measuring instruments. It identifies and eliminates faults in power and lighting electrical networks, as well as electric motors and electrical circuits of process equipment. Installs and switches on electrical measuring instruments and meters, disassembles, repairs and assembles components and parts of electric motors, electrical devices, electrical appliances, transformers, installs lighting, replaces and installs complex supports, checks and measures the insulation resistance of windings, performs metalwork and assembly work on high-voltage electric machines voltage.

Requirements for the knowledge and skills of a specialist

An electrician must have basic knowledge of physics, mathematics, mechanics, drawing, be able to read diagrams and drawings, and apply formulas.
He is also required to know the structure and technical characteristics of the devices he serves, and to master diagnostic and repair techniques.
An electrician must know safety precautions and be able to provide first aid in case of electric shock and other injuries.

Requirements for the individual characteristics of a specialist

When applying for a job, the first thing that will be assessed is the physical fitness, endurance and developed sense of balance of the future electrician. These qualities are necessary in hazardous work conditions (heights, work outdoors and at any time of the day). The specifics of their activities require flexibility, coordination of movements of the hands and fingers, good vision and color discrimination, a high level of development of imaginative and visually effective thinking. In the work of a specialist in this field, emergency situations are not uncommon, where it is necessary to make quick and effective decisions.

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, eyes, and nervous system are considered contraindications.

Working conditions

May vary depending on the object being mounted. If this is construction, then the installation and installation of electrical systems will be carried out outdoors or in an unfinished room. If industrial equipment is being installed, then the specialist works in a workshop or production laboratory.

Dangerous profession.

Working with high voltage is dangerous, but an electrician is responsible not only for his own life, but also for the safety of the users of the equipment he installs or repairs.

However, electric shock is not the only danger that an electrician is exposed to. Electricians often have to work at high altitudes, and this also requires special care.

Employment
An electrician can work in production, in a construction organization, in transport enterprises (metro, tram, trolleybus), in the housing and communal services sector, etc., as well as in office centers, large stores, institutes, schools, etc. There are also electricians who service internal electrical networks.

Areas of application of the profession

Disassembly and reassembly, adjustment and repair, maintenance of various devices, devices, circuits, instruments, components are functions common to all electricians.

Career prospects

In total, electricians have six categories and five electrical safety approval groups.

The ranks indicate the level of knowledge of their profession, which determines the complexity of the work that can be entrusted to this specialist. The electrician’s access group is also of no small importance: it indicates the work of what degree of danger and responsibility the employer can entrust to an employee of this profession

There is also the possibility of administrative promotion (electrician, senior electrician, foreman, technician). In the future, it is possible to organize a private business. We are talking about a workshop for repairing electrical equipment and other equipment.

Professional holiday

Power Engineer's Day is a professional holiday for all workers in the industry, covering the production, transmission and sale of electrical and thermal energy to consumers, which they celebrate on one of the shortest daylight hours of the year - December 22.
The history of this holiday dates back to May 23, 1966, when the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR established Power Engineer's Day in memory of the day of adoption of the State Electrification Plan of Russia (GOELRO). The GOELRO plan was adopted at the VIII All-Russian Congress of Soviets, held on December 22, 1920.