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Preservation of the Russian village. The problem of the disappearance of villages The problem of the disappearance of villages arguments from the literature

In this selection of arguments, we have focused our attention on all the most problematic aspects of the semantic block "Motherland". In many texts for preparing for the exam, relevant problems are raised. All literary examples are available for download in the form of a table, link at the end of the article.

Through everything creativity of Sergei Yesenin the theme of love for the motherland is clearly traced. His poems are dedicated to Russia. The poet himself admitted that without the high feeling experienced in relation to his country, he would not have been a poet. In difficult times, Yesenin writes the poem “Rus”, where he shows Russia from the dark side and at the same time he writes: “But I love you, meek homeland! Why, I can't figure it out." The poet is sure that the fatherland is what is especially important in a person's life. All these rivers, fields, forests, houses, people - this is our home, our family.
Ody M.V. Lomonosov, the great Russian scientist, inventor and poet, are overwhelmed with love for their homeland. The writer has always admired the nature of Russia, believed in the minds of the people, bowed before the greatness and wisdom of Russian tsars and emperors. So, in an ode dedicated to the accession to the throne of Elizabeth Petrovna, Lomonosov shows and convinces the empress of the strength and power of his people. He lovingly depicts his native expanses and proudly declares: "What can the Russian land give birth to of its own Platos and quick-witted Newtons."

The Importance of Patriotism

The theme of the Motherland is clearly seen in the work N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba". The protagonist is the father of two sons, Ostap and Andriy, with whom he fights for the independence of his country, trying to free himself from the Polish invaders. For him, the fatherland is something sacred, something that cannot be encroached upon. When Taras Bulba finds out that his own son has gone over to the enemy side, he kills him. At this moment, he takes the life of a non-native person, he punishes the traitor. Such an act speaks volumes. Taras himself also dies in the end, saving his comrades and sacrificing himself for the sake of saving his country. If he had not done all this, his people would cease to exist.
A.S. Pushkin, one of the greatest poets of Russia, was always worried about the fate of his homeland. In his work, one can notice dissatisfaction with royal tyranny. The poet angrily describes the serf regime. Like in a poem "Village": "Here the nobility is wild, without feeling, without law." And at the same time, despite all the pain from the thought of an unfair treatment of serfs, Pushkin loved his homeland. He describes the beauty of nature with special tenderness, treats his culture with trepidation. In the poem "Forgive me, faithful oak forests!" he literally says that he is ready to leave his heart in his native places.

The meaning of the motherland in human life

Soviet prose writer B. N. Polevoy in the work "The Tale of a Real Man" writes about the difficult fate of the Soviet pilot. The main character, Alexey Meresyev, having managed to survive the amputation of both legs, returns to the war to defend his country from the fascist invaders. It would seem that recovering from such a tragic event is almost impossible. However, Meresyev is back in the ranks. Not the least role in this was played by his thoughts and memories of his relatives, his home, and Russia.
Writer N.A. Nekrasov had the deepest feelings for Russia. He believed that the homeland plays an important role in a person's life. Moreover, for the writer, the fatherland is the people themselves. This idea is well seen in the epic poem "Who in Rus' to live well". In his work, Nekrasov describes the country as it was in his time - impoverished and exhausted. In such an environment, the main characters of the work are trying to find happiness. They end up finding it in helping others. It consisted in the people themselves, in the salvation of their homeland.
In a global sense, the homeland is everything that surrounds us: family, country, people. They are the basis of our existence. Awareness of unity with the native country makes a person stronger, happier. In the story of I.A. Solzhenitsyn "Matryonin Dvor" for the main character, her house, her village mean much more than the same for her neighbors. Native places for Matryona Vasilievna are the meaning of life. Her whole life has passed here, these lands contain memories of the past and loved ones. This is her whole destiny. Therefore, the old woman never complains about the poverty and injustice of the authorities, but honestly works and finds the meaning of life in helping all those in need.
Everyone sees something of their own in the concept of “homeland”: home, family, past and future, a whole people, the whole country. Speaking of this, one cannot fail to recall one of the oldest monuments of Russian literature - "The Tale of Igor's Campaign". The author literally in every line refers to the Russian land, to nature, to the inhabitants of our country. He talks about a beautiful region with its fields and rivers, with hills and forests. And about the people living in it. The author of "Words ..." tells the story of Igor's campaign against the Polovtsy in the struggle "for the Russian land." Crossing the border of Rus', the prince never for a moment forgets about his homeland. And in the end, this memory helps him come back alive.

Life in exile

Far from home, we always yearn. No matter for what reasons a person may be in a country other than his own, no matter how well he lives there, longing still takes possession of the heart. So, in the work of A. Nikitin "Journey beyond three seas" tells about a brave Russian traveler who visited different parts of the world. From the Caucasus to India. The merchant saw many foreign beauties, admired many cultures and customs. However, in this environment, he constantly lived only with memories of his native land and was very homesick for his homeland.
A foreign culture, other customs, a different language eventually lead a person abroad to a feeling of nostalgia for their homeland. In storybooks N. Teffi "Rus" and "Gorodok" the author recreates the life of emigrants. Our compatriots are forced to live in a foreign land without the possibility of returning back. For them, such an existence is only "life above the abyss."
While in exile, many Russian writers and poets confessed their love for their homeland. Yes, and I. A. Bunin longingly recalls his native expanses. In the poem " The bird has a nest, the beast has a hole…” the poet writes about his region, about his home, about the place where he was born and grew up. These memories fill the work with a sense of nostalgia and help the author return to those happy moments.

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In his text, the Russian writer Fyodor Abramov raises the important issue of the role of Russian women in the Great Patriotic War. This problem is relevant even today, because every year we celebrate a great holiday - Victory Day.

In the text, the author says that the "Russian woman" made an invaluable contribution to the victory, opening her second front in the forty-first year, which the Red Army lacked so much. It was the Russian woman who bore all the hardships on her shoulders, "carried her heavy cross as a widow-soldier, mother of sons who died in the war."

The author's point of view is expressed quite clearly. In my opinion, the writer seeks to convey to us the idea that if a Russian woman had not accomplished so many heroic deeds in the war, then perhaps the victory of the Russian army would not have taken place. One cannot but agree with the position of the author. Indeed, the role of women during the war years was very great.

There are many works in the literature that address this issue. As an example, I will cite B. Vasiliev's book "The Dawns Here Are Quiet", which tells about the feat not just of the Russian people, but about the feat of women; about how fragile creatures fought the Germans no worse than men, repelling enemy attacks. Unfortunately, all the girls died, but they died like real heroes, fighting for their homeland. Their heroic feat will forever remain in the hearts of people.

As a second argument, I will cite lines from a poem by the Russian Soviet poetess Olga Berggolts. She was a poet-hero, whose name and voice during the war were familiar not only to besieged Leningrad, where she spent all the terrible days of its siege, but to the entire Soviet Union. With her poems, she instilled a ray of hope in people:

Hands squeezing a charred heart,

I make such a promise

I, a city dweller, the mother of a Red Army soldier,

who died near Strelnya in battle.

We will fight with selfless strength

we will overcome the rabid beasts,

we will win, I swear to you, Russia,

on behalf of Russian mothers!

In conclusion, I would like to say that the war was a very difficult test for everyone, including women who endured so many hardships and losses. However, they heroically went through all the hardships and hardships and made an invaluable contribution to the victory.

What is the role of the Russian village in the life of the people? Is it necessary to keep the centuries-old memory of your ancestors? This problem is raised in his text by F.A. Abramov.

The author's position is clear and understandable: modern society is increasingly forgetting about the "spiritual baggage" that our previous generations had with difficulty accumulated. Abramov believes that the role of the Russian village is enormous in our life and that it is our main task to preserve the experience accumulated by the people of centuries.

I fully agree with F.A. Abramov. The disappearance of villages has a great impact on our understanding of life. It is important for the new generation to instill spiritual values, to teach something sublime. That is why, I believe that it is necessary to preserve the centuries-old memory of our roots. Because, only the Russian village can teach us all the knowledge, main priorities, values.

In the work of I.A. Bunin's "Village" raises the problem of preserving the memory of the Russian village. Bunin believes that the village people themselves are to blame for their difficult life. He writes about preserving the peaceful life of the village and the tranquility in it. Remembering the ancestors and their lives is very important, because the integrity of future generations depends on it.

Thus, summing up my essay, I want to note once again that the Russian village in the life of the people is of great importance. For all people, it is the source, the beginning of a great life. Preserving her memory is our main task today.

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Arguments for writing

2) the problem of indifference, loss of faith in a person

3) the problem of crime and punishment

4) the problem of mercy

5) the problem of fathers and children, misunderstanding of loved ones in a difficult situation

6) environmental pollution problem

7) childhood impressions and their influence on a person’s later life

8) the problem of the disappearance of villages

9) the problem of alcoholism

10) the fall of public morality

11) "reading" and a true, living book

12) the problem of the purity of the native language, speech culture. The problem of the connection between language and society

13) the problem of late repentance, the realization that something important has been missed in life

14) the problem of education.

16) about the absence of love

17) about their attitude to their professional duties, about conscientiousness; about indifference to one's profession

1) What is the meaning of life?

2) fathers and children. Upbringing.

3) impudence. Rudeness. behavior in society.

4) the problem of poverty, social inequality.

5) the problem of mercy.

6) the problem of honor, duty, heroism.

7) the problem of happiness.

8) my favorite work.

10) faith in God. Christian motives.

14) education. Its role in human life.

15) officials. Power.

16) intelligence. Spirituality.

17) mother. Motherhood.

20) purity of language.

21) nature. Ecology.

22) the role of art.

23) about our smaller brothers.

24) motherland. Small home.

25) historical memory.

26) the theme of beauty.

28) great people. Talent.

29) the problem of material support. Wealth.

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Category: Arguments for writing the exam

M.Yu. Lermontov - poem "Borodino". In the poem "Borodino" M. Yu. Lermontov refers to one of the most dramatic moments in Russian history - the Battle of Borodino. The whole work is imbued with patriotic pathos, the author is proud of the heroic past of his Motherland, admires Russian soldiers, heroes of the Battle of Borodino, their courage, stamina, fortitude, love for Russia:

The enemy experienced a lot that day, What does a Russian battle mean, Our hand-to-hand combat! ..

The heart cannot live in peace, No wonder the clouds have gathered. The armor is heavy, as before the battle. Now your time has come. - Pray!

The image of the future in A. Blok's poem is symbolic. A peculiar herald of this future is the very soul of a Russian person, the confrontation in it of dark and light principles, and as a result, the complex, unpredictable fate of the Motherland, the clouds that have gathered over it. And our history has shown how right the poet was in his prediction.

N. Rubtsov - the poem "Visions on the Hill". In the poem "Visions on the Hill" N. Rubtsov refers to the historical past of the Motherland and traces the connection of times, finding echoes of this past in the present. The times of Batu are long gone, but for Russia of all times there are "Tatars and Mongols": Russia, Russia! Save yourself, save yourself! Look, again into your forests and valleys From all sides they swooped down, Other times Tatars and Mongols.

However, the poet has something that he can oppose to this universal evil. This is the image of the Motherland, the feelings of the lyrical hero, the beauty of Russian nature, the inviolability of the people's beliefs. Toy and the strength of the spirit of the Russian people.

V. Rasputin - the story "Farewell to Matera" (see the essay “The Problem of Historical Memory”)
V. Soloukhin - "Black boards: Notes of a novice collector." In this book, the author writes about how he became a collector of icons. V. Soloukhin talks about the attitude of our state towards icons, about the ruthless burning of masterpieces by the Soviet authorities. Interesting material on how to restore old icons, about icon painting subjects. The study of ancient icons, according to the author, is contact with the soul of the people, with its age-old traditions...
V. Soloukhin - a collection of essays "Time to collect stones." In this book, the author reflects on the need to preserve ancient monuments - writers' estates, houses, monasteries. He talks about visiting Aksakov's estate, Optina Pustyn. All these places are connected with talented Russian writers, with Russian ascetics, elders, with the spiritual development of the people.
V. Astafiev - a story in the stories "The Last Bow".

In this story, V. Astafiev talks about his small homeland, the village in which he grew up, about his grandmother, Katerina Petrovna, who raised him. She was able to bring up the best qualities in the boy - kindness, love and respect for people, spiritual sensitivity. We see how the boy grows up, together with him we experience the joy of his small discoveries of the world, people, music, nature. In each chapter of this story, living feelings beat - indignation and delight, grief and joy. “I am writing about the village, about my small homeland, and they - big and small - are inseparable, they are in each other. My heart is forever where I began to breathe, see, remember and work,” writes V. Astafiev. This feeling of the Motherland becomes all-encompassing in the book. And the sharper the writer's sense of bitterness from the misfortunes that befell his small homeland: collectivization came, families were ruined, churches and centuries-old foundations of life were destroyed, the father, grandfather and uncle of the writer were arrested by the NKVD. Without preserving its history, the village began to turn into a suburb of old summer cottages. The author writes about all this with sadness. And he urges readers not to become Ivans who do not remember kinship, to respect their roots and origins.

In the modern world, where everyone is rushing to cities, megacities, villages have practically been forgotten and emptied. Growing up, children forget about their native place and visit their mothers less and less often, like that son from Leningrad, whom his own mother did not recognize. Increasingly, a person drives himself into a "reinforced concrete" world, where there is only dullness and dullness, and the native land, villages and towns are oppressed. Looking at the "empty villages", it is impossible to listen to Yesenin, who wrote about that real Russian village.

So, in the story of K. G. Paustovsky “Telegram”, the main character Nastya also lived in Leningrad and rarely visited her elderly mother (the last time the girl came 3 years ago). And Ekaterina Petrovna, Nastya's mother, also, probably, will not recognize her only native person when her daughter nevertheless decides to come to her. But Nastya did not want to return to her home, because "boring rural days" await her there. Young people do not return to the villages, referring to boredom and longing, and so the villages are empty, life is fading in them.

But S. A. Yesenin, the "singer" of the Russian village, on the contrary, loved and praised our vast fields, groves, mountains in his poem "I'll look in the field, I'll look at the sky ...". Sergei Alexandrovich grew up in the countryside and therefore his poems about his native land are full of sincerity and true love for the Motherland. Maybe it is his work that can awaken in people the desire to live next to living beings and the beauty that remains only in the villages.

I would like to finish with the words of the Russian poet Nikolai Melnikov: “Establish a monument to the village on Red Square in Moscow!” He urged the population not to forget about their native lands and that man is a part of nature and is inextricably linked with it.

Updated: 2018-05-01

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Useful material on the topic

The problem of the extinction of life in the villages. (Variant 28 V.P. Astafiev. “Above the window is a month. Above the window is the wind ...”)

Here is another work by Alexander Melnikov... Again, I will make a reservation that it is far from perfect... But it is quite interesting. Read it, correct mistakes, offer your own variants of arguments.

In the text of V. Peskov, proposed for analysis, we are talking about the fate of the village, the need to revive it in our country.

Discussing this, the author raises a very important problem: why is the Russian village disappearing? The author sees the root of evil in human indifference to their land, in the desire to find an easier life in cities. The writer talks about this

with a feeling of regret and pain. He emphasizes that we are forgetting folk songs, destroying places associated with the names of prominent people.

The text of V. Peskov seriously affected me, because I know firsthand about the fate of the village. Every year, visiting my grandfather in a village in the Saratov region, I learned from him how numerous the population of the village was, what rich and interesting traditions the villagers had. Now

school is closed, young people leave for the city, traditions are forgotten.

And how many famous writers sounded the alarm about the disappearance of villages in their works! V. Rasputin in the story “Farewell to Matyora” wrote how, with the flooding of Matyora, not only the village disappears, but also the memory of it, which only old men and old women keep in their souls. The recently deceased writer V. Belov in the novel "Eve" told how, even during the period of collectivization, the village was "peasantized".

I would like to believe that in our country wisdom will still prevail in relation to the fate of the village, that both politicians and ordinary people will understand that the future of our country is in the revival of the village.