secrets 

Presentation on the theme "Day of Slavic writing and culture". Presentation - Day of Slavic Literature and Culture Download presentation on the Day of Slavic Literature

slide 1

PRESENTATION
day of Slavic writing and culture
authors: Sofia Bolshakova, Marina Mishina, students of the 8th grade of the Bykovskaya secondary school No. 14

slide 2

The tombs, mummies and bones are silent, - Life is given only to the word: From the ancient darkness, on the world graveyard, Only the Letters sound. And we have no other property! Know how to take care of it Even to the best of your ability, in the days of anger and suffering, Our priceless gift is speech. I. Bunin

slide 3

"Cyrillic" So here they are - our origins, Floating, glowing in the twilight, Solemnly - strict lines, Cast Slavic script. So that's where, so that's where for the first time I found at the foot of the mountains Under the fiery sign of Sophia The diamond hardness of the verb. The great mystery of sound, Despised corruption and death, On the blue bends of the Dnieper, The motionless firmament rocked. And Rus' above the foamy water, Open to free winds, "I am!" - declared the Universe, "I am!" - declared for centuries.

slide 4

In 863, the word of God sounded in the Moravian cities and villages in their native, Slavic language, and not in someone else's and incomprehensible - Latin, letters, secular books were created. Slavic chronicle writing has begun!

slide 5

THE BEGINNING OF SLAVIC WRITING
Since childhood, we get used to the letters of our Russian alphabet and rarely think about when and how our writing arose. The beginning of writing is a special milestone in the history of every nation, in the history of its culture. In the depths of millennia and centuries, the names of the creators of the writing of a particular people or language family are usually lost. But Slavic writing has an absolutely amazing origin. Thanks to a number of historical testimonies, we know about the beginning of Slavic writing and about its creators - Saints Cyril and Methodius.

slide 6

The birthplace of the brothers Constantine (that was the name of St. Cyril before he became a monk) and Methodius was the Macedonian region of Byzantium, namely the main city of the region - Thessaloniki, or in Slavic Solun. The father of the future enlighteners of the Slavic peoples belonged to the highest stratum of Byzantine society. Methodius was the eldest and Constantine the youngest of his seven sons. The year of birth of each of the brothers is not exactly known. Researchers attribute the birth year of Methodius to the second decade of the 9th century.

Slide 7

Konstantin learned to read very early and surprised everyone with his ability to master other languages. He received a comprehensive education at the imperial court in Constantinople under the guidance of the best mentors in Byzantium, among whom stood out the future Patriarch Photius of Constantinople - a connoisseur of ancient culture, the creator of a unique bibliographic code known as the Myriobiblion - and Leo Grammatik - a man who surprised compatriots and foreigners with his deep learning, a connoisseur of mathematics, astronomy and mechanics.

Slide 8

“To learn without the alphabet and without books is like writing a conversation on the water,” Constantine the Philosopher answered the Byzantine emperor Michael when he invited him to go on an educational mission to the Moravian Christians. Konstantin the Philosopher compiled the alphabet for the Slavs and, together with his brother, translated the first texts from the Gospel and the Psalter. Thus, the year 863 in the history of Slavic culture is marked as the year of the creation of the Slavic alphabet, which marked the beginning of Slavic enlightenment.

Slide 9

The history of the creation of Slavic writing has one very interesting riddle. In the 9th century, two systems appeared among the Slavs almost simultaneously: one was called the Glagolitic alphabet, and the other - the Cyrillic alphabet. Which alphabet - Cyrillic or Glagolitic - was invented by Constantine the Philosopher? Many scholars tend to believe that the first Slavic alphabet was the Glagolitic alphabet. Others believe that Saint Cyril invented the Cyrillic alphabet. Perhaps the first teachers of the Slavs created both of these writing systems, but later the Cyrillic alphabet became the most widespread, which became the basis of the modern Russian alphabet. But no matter how later these questions are resolved by science, the evidence of historical sources about the brothers Cyril and Methodius, as the creators of Slavic writing and book culture, remains unchanged.

Slide 10

slide 11

He is the most prayerful in the world, He arose by the will of God, The language of our marvelous Psalter And patristic books.

slide 12

Since 1992, the celebration of the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture in our country has acquired a state character. For more than 20 years now, on May 24, processions from Moscow churches have been sent to the monument to the holy brothers on Slavyanskaya Square, and His Holiness Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Rus' has performed a festive prayer service in honor of Saints Cyril and Methodius Equal to the Apostles.

slide 13

KOLOMNA
DMITROV
SEVASTOPOL
KYIV
SLOVAKIA
MACEDONIA
KIEV-PECHERSK LAVRA

Slide 14

The Day of Slavic Literature and Culture is a holiday of enlightenment, a holiday of the native word, native book, native literature, native culture. Learning various sciences in our native language, we, in the words of the ancient Russian chronicler, reap what was sown by the most ancient enlighteners of Rus', who adopted writing from the first teachers of the Slavic peoples - Saints Cyril and Methodius.

slide 15

slide 16

1. Who created the Slavic alphabet? (Cyril and Methodius) 2. What year is considered the year of the emergence of Slavic writing and book business? (863) 3. Why are Cyril and Methodius called "Thessalonica brothers"? (Birthplace of brothers-enlighteners the city of Thessalonica in Macedonia) 4. What name in the world before the monastic vows did Cyril wear? (Konstantin) 5. Who was the elder brother: Cyril or Methodius? (Methodius) 6. Which of the brothers was a librarian, and who was a warrior? (Cyril is a librarian, Methodius is a military leader, like his father) 7. What was Cyril called for his mind and diligence? (Philosopher) 8. What city in Rus' became the center of Slavic printing and the foundation of the Cyril and Methodius Society? (Kyiv) 9. In what script were the first Slavic written monuments written? (Glagolitic) 10. What language is the oldest literary language? (Slavic) 11. Name the works of Ancient Rus' written in Old Russian. ("The Tale of Bygone Years", "Russian Truth" - a set of laws, "The Tale of Igor's Campaign", "Teachings of Vladimir Monomakh", etc.) .How many letters were there in Cyrillic before Peter the Great? (43 letters)
Quiz

Slide 17

14. How many letters did the modern alphabet have after the revolution? (33 letters) 15. Who was the first printer in Rus'? (Ivan Fedorov) 16. When did his first book come out and what was it called? (in the 16th century, "The Apostle") 17. Which alphabet is older: Cyrillic or Glagolitic? (Glagolitic) 18. What letters were invented in the 18th century for sounds that did not exist in the Old Church Slavonic language? (ё, й) 19. Which Greek emperor sent the enlighteners Cyril and Methodius to Moravia? (Mikhail -III) 20. Name the great Russian scientist who created the "theory of 3 calms" (Lomonosov) 21. Which group of languages ​​does the Slavic languages ​​belong to? (Indo-European) 22. Which alphabet does the Cyrillic alphabet go back to? (To the Greek statutory letter) 23. What are the three large groups of modern Slavic languages? (East Slavic, West Slavic, South Slavic) 24. What was the name of the church manuscripts “written in Russian characters” that Konstantin saw in Korsun (Crimea)? (Gospel, Psalter) 25. Name the first dated written monument of the Old Russian language (Ostromir Gospel) 26. When were three independent languages ​​formed: Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian? (In the XIII-XVI centuries)

Block Width px

Copy this code and paste it on your website

Slides captions:

Slavic writing

and culture

DAY OF MEMORY of the first teachers of the Slavic peoples - the holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Brothers KIRILL

HISTORY OF THE HOLIDAY

The common feast of Saints Cyril and Methodius was celebrated by the Bulgarian Church in the following centuries, and in the era of the Bulgarian Revival it turned into a feast of the alphabet created by them.

In 1863, the Russian Holy Synod decided, in connection with the celebration of the millennium of the Moravian mission of Saints Cyril and Methodius, to establish an annual celebration in honor of the Monks Methodius and Cyril on May 11.

In 1985 in the USSR, when the 1100th anniversary of the death of Methodius was celebrated.

On January 30, 1991, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR adopted a resolution on the annual

"Days of Slavic culture and writing".

Every year, a new settlement in Russia became the capital of the holiday (except for 1989 and 1990, when Kyiv and Minsk were the capitals, respectively)

ABOUT THE LIFE OF CYRIL AND METHODIUS

KIRILL (born in 827, before becoming a monk - Constantine)

METHODIUS (born in 815, worldly name unknown)

were born in the family of a Byzantine commander from

Thessaloniki (Greece)

Saint METHODIUS, the Enlightener of the Slavs, was born around 815 in Thessalonica (Thessalonica), one of the largest and richest cities in Byzantium. Around 833, METHODIUS began military service and passed it in the capital, in full view of Emperor Theophilus. At the age of 20, he was appointed archon (voivode) in Slavinia, a small Slavic principality, which was then under the rule of the Greeks. METHODIUS held this position for ten years and had the opportunity to study the Slavic language and Slavic customs well.

HOLY METHODIUS

SAINT CYRIL

Saint Cyril was born in Macedonia, in the city of Thessalonica, from an early age he was distinguished by mental abilities. While studying at the Thessalonica school and not yet reaching the age of fifteen, he already read the books of the most thoughtful of the Fathers of the Church - Gregory the Theologian (4th century)

The young man early took the rank of presbyter.

Upon his return to Constantinople, he was the librarian of the cathedral church and a teacher of philosophy. Saint Cyril successfully debated heretics, iconoclasts, and Mohammedans.

ABOUT THE LIFE OF CYRIL AND METHODIUS

In the early 860s. one of the most powerful Slavic sovereigns - the Moravian prince ROSTISLAV asked the Byzantine emperor MICHAEL III send him Christian teachers. Looking for people for the Moravian mission, the emperor and the patriarch immediately remembered KONSTANTINE and METHODIUS. When the brothers were asked to go as teachers to Moravia, they agreed and immediately set to work on the Slavic alphabet. Soon an alphabet of 38 letters, based on Greek cursive writing, was compiled.

ABOUT THE LIFE OF CYRIL AND METHODIUS

With the help of brother METHODIUS, KIRILL compiled the Slavic alphabet (the so-called Glagolitic alphabet) in 6 months and translated into Slavonic books, without which Divine services could not be performed:

  • gospel Aprakos,
  • Apostle,
  • Psalter and selected services

“... I will go with joy if they have letters for their language ... Learning without the alphabet and without books is the same as writing a conversation on the water”

Saint Cyril

ABOUT THE LIFE OF CYRIL AND METHODIUS

“But if any of your teachers boldly begin to tempt you, blaming the books in your language, let him be excommunicated until he reforms. Such people are wolves, not sheep…”

Andrian II

Papa Adrian II He received the Greek missionaries with great solemnity and without any hesitation supported all their undertakings. In 868 Pope Andrian II consecrated the liturgical books translated by the brothers, blessing the celebration of the liturgy in the Slavonic language

KIRILL dies in Rome

“We pulled with you, brother, one furrow, like the husband of oxen, and behold, I fall on the ridge, I end my life. I know you love your native Olympus very much. Look, do not even leave our ministry for his sake ... "

“I was not silent out of fear and always awake on guard”

After the death of his brother METHODIUS

continues

gospel sermon among the Slavs

Thanks to the activity of Saint METHODIUS, both the Czechs and the Poles entered into a military alliance with Moravia, which resisted the influence of the Germans.

METHODIUS predicted the day of his death and died

In the Russian Orthodox Church, the memory of the holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Enlighteners of the Slavs has been honored since the 11th century.

The memory of each of St. brothers is celebrated on the days of their death:

Saint Equal-to-the-Apostles CYRIL -

Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles METHODIUS -

Common church memory is celebrated

CYRIL AND METHODIUS

counted as saints

THE LEGEND ABOUT CYRIL AND METHODIUS

Aa Bb Gg Dd Ee Kk Ll Mm Aa Bb Gg Dd Ee Kk Ll Mm Aa Vv Gg Dd Her Kk Ll Mm

ORIGINS OF RUSSIAN WRITING

Greek letters:

Slavic letters:

ALPHABET: ALPHA + VITA

ALPHABET: AZ + BUKI

Slavic alphabets: CYRILLIC and GLAGOLIC

VERB

CYRILLIC

KIRILL and METHODIUS “transferred” the sounds of the Slavic language onto parchment with the help of that GLAGOLIC.

The lettering is not survived

RUSSIAN ALPHABET

Church Slavonic ALPHABET

In 893, the CYRILLIC alphabet appeared,

which over time replaced the GLAGOLIC

in all Slavic countries

CYRILLIC LETTER

The characters of the Greek statutory alphabet served as a model for writing Cyrillic letters.

CHARTER - this is such a letter when the letters are written directly at the same distance from each other, without inclination - they are, as it were, “lined”

The oldest book in Rus' written in Cyrillic - Ostromir Gospel - 1057

From the middle of the 14th century, the semi-charter became widespread, which was less beautiful than the charter, but allowed you to write faster.

There was a slope in the letters, their geometry is not so noticeable; the ratio of thick and thin lines is no longer maintained; the text has already been divided into words

SEMI-CHARTER

In the 15th century, semi-ustav gave way to cursive

Manuscripts written in the "quick custom" are distinguished by the coherent writing of neighboring letters, the sweeping of the letter. In cursive writing, each letter had many spellings.

With the development of speed, signs of individual handwriting appear

CURSIVE

"Geometry of Slavonic Land Surveying" - the first book typed in civil type

During the time of Peter the Great, changes were made to the styles of some letters, and 11 letters were excluded from the alphabet.

The new alphabet has become poorer in content, but simpler and more adapted to printing various civil business papers.

That's how he got the name "civilian"

“Under Peter the Great,” M. Lomonosov jokingly wrote, “not only the boyars and boyars, but also the letters, threw off their wide fur coats (he meant the Slavic old font) and dressed up in summer clothes.” By summer clothes, the scientist meant a new civil alphabet.

  • fixed a letter in the alphabet E which has been used in practice
  • removed the doublet letters, i.e. where there were two letters to designate one sound, left one: from “green” and “earth”, denoting the sound [h], left the sign Z “earth”,
  • from o "on" and "ot" ("omega") there was a sign O "on",
  • from the letters "fita" and F "fert" to denote [f] remained "fert"

PETER'S REFORM

  • In 1708, the letters “xi” and “psi” were eliminated, which had the phonetic meaning [ks] and [ps], respectively, and are very rarely used in words of Greek origin (eniya - Xenia, alom - psalm),
  • the letter "izhitsa" also disappeared, denoting [and] in some borrowed words;
  • however, in 1710, the Izhitsa returned to its place - the last letter of the old alphabet - and survived until 1918.

In 1918, a new alphabet reform was carried out, and the Cyrillic alphabet lost four more letters:

yat, and (i), izhitsu, fita

And about me the linguist Said: “Not a letter - a parasite! It does not mean sound, And loafers are not for science! And after a series of strict measures, Ъ (ep) disappeared from the language. Now I'm in a different capacity, The work is a small volume. I'm really not loaded with it, But I'm glad that occasionally, but I need it, I'm only familiar with E, E, I, Yu, With the prefix - I stand behind it. And without me, you - well, nothing! Now I'm called - b (solid sign)!

IRKUTSK REGIONAL STATE UNIVERSAL SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY

NAMED AFTER I. I. MOLCHANOV-SIBERIAN

SINCE 1861 IN THE SERVICE OF THE READERS OF THE ANGARIE

TRAVEL IN THE WORLD OF BOOKS

The presentation was made by a primary school teacher

Bannikova Ekaterina Petrovna

MKOU "Lermontov secondary school"

Kuytunsky district,

Irkutsk region

  • http://www.orthphoto.net/photo/200811/35912.jpg- the Saints
  • http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/my_documents/my_pictures/2010/nov/5A5_saints_Cyril_and_Methodius.jpg- saints 2
  • http://st.depositphotos.com/1003390/1206/v/450/dep_12069829-Birch-bark.jpg- presentation background
  • http://alerie.piranho.de/pergament.gif- birch bark
  • http://smartwebsite.ru/publ/znamenitye_proroki_i_verouchiteli/svjatoj_mefodij/36-1-0-3570- site of used material
  • http://images-mediawiki-sites.thefullwiki.org/10/3/1/4/21810744247286083.jpg- Andrian 2
  • http://pro-serafim.ru/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/information_items_3496.jpg- Aprokos
  • http://www.kmrz.ru/catimg/35/357393.jpg- Psalter
  • - Saint Cyril
  • http://aviudiya.com/n/56450- Faces of Saints Cyril and Methodius
  • http://ancient-civilizations.rf/Slavs/Xrabr2.jpg- Cyrillic writing
  • http://ancient-civilizations.rf/Slavs/halfustav.gif- semi-charter
  • http://xn----8sbebhgbsfcbaca4bza2c4gh.xn--p1ai/Slavs/Cyrillic-character.html- site "History of Russian fonts"
  • http://ancient-civilizations.rf/Slavs/scoropis.gif- cursive alphabet
  • http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/6313/32728872.e1/0_84ca8_b84a4864_XL- Methodius
  • http://iconexpo.ru/pics/1_764.jpg- Kirill
  • http://gic7.mycdn.me/getImage?photoId=547405950456&photoType=24- Cyril II
  • http://www.vsehpozdravil.ru/res/files/postcards/6036.jpg- Saints Cyril and Methodius
  • http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GUNirTjlk50/TqVoR_BmXaI/AAAAAAAAAf0/ffueGIjdnXw/s1600/ba39d0be6251.jpg- Ostromir Gospel
  • http://files.softicons.com/download/toolbar-icons/vista-arrow-icons-by-icons-land/png/256x256/Rotate360AntiClockwise2Red.png- return arrow
  • http://freevectordownloadz.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Letter-I-In-A-Red-Circle-Clip-Art.jpg- information indicator
  • http://www.stihi.ru/pics/2010/12/18/7794.gif- jump button
  • http://data12.proshkolu.ru/content/media/pic/std/5000000/4421000/4420655-e40d4dc862998a9d.jpg- Day of Slavic writing
  • http://s5.hostingkartinok.com/uploads/images/2013/06/257658555b117af98b635d39ad8d6c12.jpeg- Slavic alphabet
  • http://img.bibo.kz/?6290183.jpg- alphabet since 1918
  • http://subscribe.ru/group/slavyano-arijskaya-kultura/5639345/- Initial letter
  • http://cs9874.vkontakte.ru/u1159889/-5/y_ac2843a8.jpg- Peter the First
  • http://www.irklib.ru/- Irkutsk library

USED ​​RESOURCES.

1 of 25

Presentation - Day of Slavic Literature and Culture

The text of this presentation

Day of memory of the first teachers of the Slavic peoples - the holy Equal-to-the-Apostles brothers Cyril and Methodius

history of the holiday
Since 1987, in our country, the Days of Slavic Literature and Culture began to coincide with this holiday. The church calendar has kept accurate information about the day of death of each of the brothers. Saint Cyril died on February 14 (February 27, New Style), 869, and Methodius died on April 6 (April 19, New Style), 885.

Why is the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture celebrated on May 24?
May 11, 330 - the birthday and consecration of Constantinople - New Rome. From that day began the countdown of Byzantine history, and therefore the day of May 11 is forever inscribed in the history of Byzantine culture. Saints Cyril and Methodius - outstanding representatives of the Byzantine Orthodox culture - served as the birth of the Slavic Orthodox culture, and therefore their common church memory (the main church holiday in their honor) takes place on May 11 (May 24, according to New Style).

In 1885, 1000 years have passed since the death of Saint Methodius. By this date, the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church sent out a special holiday Message throughout Russia, which spoke of the great feat of the first teachers of the Slavic peoples.

Since 1901, at the direction of the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church, May 24 has become a holiday for many educational institutions in Russia.

Two significant anniversaries of the 20th century: in 1969 - 1100 years since the death of St. Cyril, and in 1985 - the 1100th anniversary of the death of St. Methodius.

In 1986, in the northern Russian city of Murmansk, lovers of their native antiquity organized a holiday on the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture.

In 1987, Vologda picked up the baton of this holiday. In 1988, when the entire Orthodox world celebrated the 1000th anniversary of the baptism of Rus', Novgorod became the center for celebrating the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture.

Since 1992, the celebration of the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture in our country has acquired a state character. This year, a monument to the holy brothers was erected in Moscow on Slavyanskaya Square. For several years now, on May 24, processions from Moscow churches have been sent to this monument, and His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and All Rus' performs a festive prayer service in honor of Saints Cyril and Methodius Equal to the Apostles.

If you ask the Slavic literate people like this: Who created the letters or translated the books for you, then everyone knows and, answering, they say: St. Constantine the Philosopher, named Cyril, He created the letters for us and translated the books. Chernorizets Brave

About the life of Cyril and Methodius
Cyril (born in 827, before becoming a monk - Constantine) and Methodius (born in 815, worldly name unknown) were born in the family of a Byzantine commander from Thessaloniki (Thessalonica, Greece)

Konstantin learned to read very early and surprised everyone with his ability to master other languages. He received a comprehensive education at the imperial court in Constantinople under the guidance of the best mentors in Byzantium, among whom stood out the future Patriarch Photius of Constantinople - a connoisseur of ancient culture, the creator of a unique bibliographic code known as the Myriobiblion - and Leo Grammatik - a man who surprised compatriots and foreigners with his deep learning, a connoisseur of mathematics, astronomy and mechanics.

In the Life of Constantine, his education is reported: “In three months he studied all the grammar and took up other sciences. He studied Homer, geometry, and from Leo and Photius he studied dialectics and other philosophical teachings, in addition - rhetoric, arithmetic, astronomy, music and other Hellenic sciences. And so he studied all this, as no one else studied these sciences.

About the life of Cyril and Methodius
In 862, the embassy of the ruler of the Great Moravian state (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Bohemia, part of Austria and Hungary) Prince Rostislav asked Emperor Michael to send teachers to preach in a country that had recently adopted Christianity.

With the help of brother Methodius, Kirill compiled the Slavic alphabet (the so-called Glagolitic alphabet) in 6 months and translated into Slavonic the books, without which Divine services could not be performed: the Aprakos Gospel, the Apostle, the Psalter and selected services
…I will go with joy if they have letters for their language… Learning without the alphabet and without books is like writing a conversation on water. St. Cyril

Glagolitic. The first Slavic alphabet.
At the request of Prince Rostislav, Cyril and Methodius came to the Slavs to create an alphabet. On May 24, 863, in the city of Pliska, the brothers Cyril and Methodius announced the invention of the Slavic alphabet.
Glagolitic. The Bashchanskaya slab is a monument of the 11th century Glagolitic alphabet.

Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Brothers Cyril and Methodius.
The brothers Cyril and Methodius brought the light of writing and knowledge to the lands of the Slavs. After their death they were canonized as saints and they are always depicted together on icons.

Cyrillic. Second Slavic alphabet.
At the end of the 9th and beginning of the 10th centuries. A follower of Cyril and Methodius, a new Slavic alphabet was created, consisting of 43 letters. The creators of the alphabet named it Cyrillic in honor of their teacher Cyril.

The oldest book in Rus' written in Cyrillic - Ostromir Gospel - 1057
During the time of Peter the Great, changes were made to the styles of some letters, and 11 letters were excluded from the alphabet. The new alphabet has become poorer in content, but simpler and more adapted to printing various civil business papers. That's how he got the name "civilian". In 1918, a new alphabet reform was carried out, and the Cyrillic alphabet lost four more letters: yat, i (I), izhitsu, fitu.

Celebration of the Day of Slavic Literature in Russia.
In Russia, the Day of Slavic Literature has been celebrated since May 24, 1986. And every year it is gaining more and more popularity. More and more people are striving to pay tribute to the great history of Slavic writing, which is about 1150 years old!
Monument to Cyril and Methodius in Moscow.

The Day of Slavic Literature and Culture is a holiday of enlightenment, a holiday of the native word, native book, native literature, native culture. Learning various sciences in our native language, we, in the words of the ancient Russian chronicler, reap what was sown by the most ancient enlighteners of Rus', who adopted writing from the first teachers of the Slavic peoples - Saints Cyril and Methodius.

It's not scary to lie dead under the bullets, It's not bitter to be homeless. But we will keep you Russian speech, the Great Russian word. We will carry you free and clean. And we will give to our grandchildren, and we will save from captivity forever.
A.A. Akhmatova

Code to embed presentation video player on your site:

1 slide

2 slide

3 slide

4 slide

About the holiday The great work of creating the Slavic alphabet was done by the brothers Cyril and Methodius. In memory of the great feat of the brothers, on May 24, the Day of Slavic Literature is celebrated all over the world. It is especially solemnly celebrated in Bulgaria. A festive procession is performed there with the Slavic alphabet and icons of the holy brothers. Since 1987, in our country, a holiday of Slavic writing and culture has been held on this day. The Russian people pay tribute to the memory and gratitude of the "Slavic countries to teachers".

5 slide

Do you know how Russian writing originated? If you don't know, we can tell you. But first answer this question: what is the difference between the alphabet and the alphabet? The word “alphabet” comes from the names of the first two letters of the Slavic alphabet: A (az) and B (beeches): ABC: AZ + BUKI and the word “alphabet” comes from the name of the first two letters of the Greek alphabet: ALPHABET: ALPHA + VITA The alphabet is much older alphabet. In the 9th century there was no alphabet, and the Slavs did not have their own letters. And so there was no writing. The Slavs could not write books or even letters to each other in their own language. SLAVIC ALPHABET AND GREEK ALPHABET

6 slide

How and where did our alphabet come from, and why is it called Cyrillic? In the 9th century in Byzantium, in the city of Thessalonica (now the city of Thessaloniki in Greece), there lived two brothers - Constantine and Methodius. They were wise and very educated people and knew the Slavic language well. The Greek Tsar Michael sent these brothers to the Slavs in response to the request of the Slavic prince Rostislav. (Rostislav asked to send teachers who could tell the Slavs about the holy Christian books, unknown to them book words and their meaning). And so the brothers Constantine and Methodius came to the Slavs to create the Slavic alphabet, which later became known as the Cyrillic alphabet. (In honor of Constantine, who, having taken monasticism, received the name Cyril).

7 slide

How did they create the alphabet? Cyril and Methodius took the Greek alphabet and adapted it to the sounds of the Slavic language. So our alphabet is the “daughter” of the Greek alphabet. Many of our letters are taken from Greek, which is why they look like them. Slavic Aa Vv Gg Dd Her Kk Ll Mm Greek Aa Bb Gg Dd Ee Kk Ll Mm This system of 38 letters, which were supposed to reflect the subtle nuances of the Slavic languages, became known as the Glagolitic alphabet.

8 slide

At the end of the 9th and beginning of the 10th centuries, the followers of the Slavic enlighteners created a new Slavic alphabet based on the Greek; to convey the phonetic features of the Slavic language, it was supplemented with letters borrowed from the Glagolitic. The letters of the new alphabet required less effort when writing, had clearer outlines. This alphabet, which was widely spread among the Eastern and Southern Slavs, later received the name of the Cyrillic alphabet in honor of Cyril (Konstantin) - the creator of the first Slavic alphabet.