From "goat" to "hunter. From "goat" to "hunter" Comparative specifications
The UMZ 417 engine was intended for installation in Soviet off-road vehicles of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant, such as the UAZ 469 and UAZ 452 Loaf.
Peculiarities. The UMZ 417 motor replaced the UMZ 414. The engine acquired a new cylinder head similar to the cylinder head of the GAZ-24 (ZMZ-402) car. The compression ratio at the same time increased from 6.7 to 7.0. The changes also affected the gas distribution mechanism - a different camshaft and new intake valves were installed (the cap diameter was increased to 47 mm). Cylinder head with round windows for a manifold, on early engines a manifold for a single-chamber carburetor. Two-chamber carburetor on engines with an index of 4178.
Motor problems have long been known - poor quality parts and assembly, a problematic cooling system (the motor is prone to overheating), oil leaks from everywhere, even through the block.
The resource of the UMZ-417 motor is about 150 thousand km.
The engine has a number of modifications (see below).
Characteristics of the engine UMZ 417 UAZ 469, 452 Loaf
| Parameter | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Configuration | L |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Volume, l | 2,445 |
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 92,0 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 92,0 |
| Compression ratio | 7,0 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 (1-inlet; 1-outlet) |
| Gas distribution mechanism | OHV |
| The order of operation of the cylinders | 1-2-4-3 |
| Rated engine power / at engine speed | 66.9 kW - (92 hp) / 4000 rpm |
| Maximum torque / at revs | 177 Nm / 2200-2500 rpm |
| Supply system | Carburetor K-151V(G) |
| Recommended minimum octane number of gasoline | 76 |
| Environmental regulations | Euro 0 |
| Weight, kg | 166 |
Design
Four-stroke four-cylinder gasoline carburetor with a contact ignition distributor, with an in-line arrangement of cylinders and pistons rotating one common crankshaft, with a lower location of one camshaft. The engine has a closed-type liquid cooling system with forced circulation. Lubrication system - under pressure and splashing.
Aluminum cylinder block with cast iron liners. At UMZ-417, the sleeves are planted through rubber rings, unlike ZMZ-402, which has a landing through copper gaskets. Unfortunately, rubber rings reduce the strength of the 417th motor block. The block has no stiffeners. Only on later engines did 3-4 ribs appear. On the UMZ-417 block there is a mount for an oil filter from the VAZ-2101.
If we continue to talk about the similarities and differences between the UMZ-417 and ZMZ-402 motors, then we can say that the crankshaft, camshaft, connecting rods, pistons, rings, pushers and rods are the same. Sleeves are different due to the difference in the method of landing. The flywheel of the 417th is larger in diameter and heavier, respectively, the bell is also larger in size. At ZMZ, the packing is placed in a groove in the block and the crankshaft cover, while at UMP it is screwed and crimped with stamped steel plates, which ultimately adversely affects the tightness of the structure.
At UMP 417, coolant is taken in and fed into the cylinder head, as a result of uneven cooling of the engine. The pump ZMZ 402 is more reliable than the 417th, it has an oil seal, not fiber. But this only applies to the old-style pump! Now on new pumps for the 417th motor, an oil seal is used.
It is important to mention that the exhaust manifold on the UMP 417 has a 4-1 design, which crushes the engine at medium and high speeds.
Modifications
1. UMZ 417.10 - designed for installation on UAZ-3151 vehicles (76 gasoline, 92 hp).
2. UMP 4175.10 - has an increased compression ratio of 8.2 for 92 gasoline. Power 98 hp Used on Gazelle cars.
3. UMZ 4178.10 - a manifold for a two-chamber carburetor is used.
4. UMZ 4178.10-10 - a cylinder head from UMZ-421 was installed with increased exhaust valves up to 39mm. It is completed with an epiploon of the crankshaft instead of stuffing. The pump is attached to the block. designed for UAZ vehicles.
Service
Changing the oil in the UMZ 417 engine. The oil change interval is 10 thousand km. The oil capacity of a dry engine with an oil cooler is 5.8 liters. When replacing, 0.5 to 1 liter of oil remains in the lubrication system and radiator. Oil filter from VAZ 2101. Oil recommended by the manufacturer - M-8-B SAE 15W-20, M-6z / 12G SAE 20W-30, M-5z / 10g1, M-4z / 6B1 SAE 15W-30.
Adjustment of valves It is necessary to adjust the gaps every 15 thousand km.
The main differences between these cars from the base.
Body - all-metal, five-door, divided into two compartments; number of seats - 6 (7), including 5 (2) in the front compartment, 4 (2) in the rear. The rear compartment is heated and ventilated from the main heating and ventilation system. The spare wheel is located in the rear compartment. The car is equipped with additional lighting, alarm and special equipment. Gross weight - 2210 kg, overall height - 2500 mm.
Load capacity:
with 9-leaf springs 600 kg load plus 2 pers. or 100 kg plus 2 people
with 7-leaf springs 400 kg of cargo plus 2 pers. or only 7 people.
| 31512 | 3151 | |
| Curb weight, kg | 1590 | 1680 | Including: |
| to the front axle | 870 | 900 | on the rear axle | 720 | 780 |
| Gross weight, kg | 2150 | 2480 | Including: |
| to the front axle | 920 | 1020 | on the rear axle | 1230 | 1460 |
| Permissible trailer weight, kg | 850 | 1460 | Max. vehicle speed, km/h | 115 | 110 |
| Max. the overcome rise by the car, hail. | 31 | 31 | Control vehicle fuel consumption, l/100 km: |
| at 60 km/h | 10,5 | 11,6 | at 80 km/h | 13 | 14,5 |
| Stopping distance from 80 km/h, m | 43,2 | 43,2 | Turning radius, m: |
| on the outer wheel | 6,3 | 6,5 | overall | 6,8 | 7 |
Transmission.
The clutch is single-disk, with peripheral springs, the shutdown drive is hydraulic. Gearbox - 4-speed, with synchronizers in all forward gears; transferred numbers for a synchronized gearbox: I-3.78; II-2.60; III-1.55; IV-1.0; ZX-4.12; transferred numbers for a gearbox with synchronizers in III and IV gears: I-4.124; II-2,641; III-1.58; IV-1.00; ZX-5,224. Transfer case - two-stage, transmitted. numbers: highest - 1.00; the lowest is 1.94. Cardan transmission - from two shafts. Main gear - bevel with spiral teeth; transferred numbers: on UAZ-31512 - 4.625, on UAZ-3151-2.77 and wheel gears - 1.94 (total gear ratio - 5.38).
Wheels and tires.
Wheels - with one-piece rim 6L-15. Tires - 8.40-15, air pressure in the front tires 1.7-1.9; rear - 1.9-2.1 kgf / cm. sq. , Number of wheels 4+1.
Suspension.
Front and rear - on two semi-elliptical 7- or 9-leaf springs with telescopic shock absorbers.
Brakes.
Working brake system - with drum mechanisms (each pad of the front wheels is driven from a separate cylinder, both pads of the rear wheels - from one cylinder), dual-circuit hydraulic drive (separate along the axes) and a vacuum booster. Option-hydraulic drive without amplifier. The parking brake is transmission, with a drum brake mechanism and a mechanical drive.
Steering.
The steering mechanism is a globoidal worm with a double-ridged roller, transmitted. the number is 20.3.
Electrical equipment.
Voltage 12 V, acc. battery 6ST-60EM, generator G250-P2, voltage regulator RR132-A, starter 42.3708, breaker-distributor (for UAZ-3151) - R132, sensor-distributor (for UAZ-31512) - 3302.3706, ignition coils: for UAZ-31512 - B116, on UAZ-31251 - B102-B, transistor switch (on UAZ-31512) - 1302.3734, spark plugs: on UAZ-31512 - All, on UAZ-3151 - CH302-B.
Refueling volumes and recommended operating materials.
Fuel tank - 2 × 39 l, gasoline A-76;
cooling system (with heater) - 13l, water or antifreeze A-40, A-65;
engine lubrication system - 5.8 l, M-8B, M-6 / 10V (DV-ASZp-10V);
Gearbox housing - 1.0 l, TSp-15K (substitute for TAP-15V), at temperatures of minus 20-45 ° C oil TSp-10;
transfer case crankcase - 0.7 l,
steering gear housing - 0.25 l,
crankcases of driving axles - 2 × 1.0 l (UAZ-31512), - 2 × 0.85 l (on UAZ-3151);
crankcases of wheel gears - 2 × 0.3 l, gear oil circle;
hydraulic brake system - 0.52 l;
clutch release hydraulic system - 0.18 l; brake fluid "Tom";
shock absorbers - 4 × 0.32 l, shock absorber fluid AZH-12T or spindle oil AU;
windshield washer reservoir - 2 l, water or liquid NIISS-4 mixed with water.
Dimensions
Chassis
Fuel
Engine
The larger the engine, the more powerful the car, and, as a rule, it is larger. It makes no sense to put a small-capacity engine on a large car, the engine simply cannot cope with its mass, and the opposite is also meaningless - to put a large engine on a light car. Therefore, manufacturers are trying to pick up a motor. to the price of the car. The more expensive and prestigious the model, the larger the engine on it and the more powerful it is. Budget versions rarely boast a cubic capacity of more than two liters.
Engine displacement is expressed in cubic centimeters or liters. Who is more comfortable.
The volume of the UAZ 469 engine is from 2.4 to 2.7 liters.
UAZ 469 engine power from 75 to 112 hp
Passenger car with all-wheel drive, named one of the best domestic SUVs. The purpose of the UAZ 31512 is to operate on all types of road surfaces, including rough terrain. Most experts see the secret of the car's success in the design of its body. Let's find out more about him.
Features of the legendary SUV
ATTENTION! Found a completely simple way to reduce fuel consumption! Don't believe? An auto mechanic with 15 years of experience also did not believe until he tried it. And now he saves 35,000 rubles a year on gasoline!
Like all UAZs, the body 31512 is on the frame. Drive axles are provided with a 1-speed final drive, but without final drives. The clearance of the UAZ 31512 is 220 mm.
Particular attention should be paid to cardans. Compared to the "loaf" shafts, they are longer.
The body of the car is open; instead of a roof, it provides a tarpaulin awning. If there are versions with a metal or fiberglass roof, then this is always a tuning upgrade carried out on the base UAZ 31512 with an awning. The manufacturer for a surcharge allows the user to install a hard roof.
UAZ 31512, or rather UAZ-469B, has been produced by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant since 1972. Since 1985, the car has been released as 31512 and 31514 - a version with reduction axles. After that, the SUV continued to produce until 2005.
The modification made can be called restyling, because the versions of the UAZ 469 B were marked with fresh indices. In addition, the main innovation was a separate braking system, which was reflected in the replacement of the carcass. Now it was impossible to put the already converted body on the old versions of the UAZ.
More differences:
- Equipped with a lighter hydraulic clutch;
- The battery was moved to the right side;
- The steering has been improved. It is now installed in a split type;
- The ZV mirror has changed, now equipped with an anti-glare device;
- Instead of a windshield washer equipped with a foot drive, a new electric service station was installed;
- The body was equipped with obligatory arcs, increasing safety at times. In addition, the awning frame included RB for all seats;
- They made the stove more powerful, which began to heat up noticeably;
- An emergency gang appeared in the power supply system, and plugs were provided in the wiring.
Interestingly, the assembly was carried out not only on the UAZ, but also in other countries. Azerbaijan, Vietnam, Ukraine and Laos - in all these countries, 31512 was produced as an off-road passenger car.
As for the power of the power plants, in 1986 the UMZ-414 was upgraded. Its power was increased to 80 horses, the intake system and cylinder head were changed, the pistons were changed. The cylinder liners were also modernized, which no longer had inserts. Ceramic-metal valve elements appeared, and the antifreeze temperature controller received a different design.
Carburettors were installed after the restyling of K-131 or K-131A (before that there was K-129V). New carburetors immediately affected fuel consumption. UAZ has now become much more economical, the amount of harmful emissions has decreased.
Due to the introduction of an expansion tank and a high-quality radiator cap, CO was transferred to antifreeze. Changed the fan. Now it is 4-bladed, although still metal, but already significantly better conductive cooling of the power plant.
All these changes could not but affect the "maximum speed". Now the speed has become equal to 110 km / h, which at that time was considered a record for a Soviet SUV. The quality of driving characteristics was also improved by the centering of the universal joints and the installation of new sealed cuffs. Others began to make springs that have become much softer.
For the comfort of the driver, a brake VU was provided. The drive axles were also brought to mind, and to improve the dynamic characteristics, the ratio of the number of teeth of the driven gear to the number of gearbox teeth was reduced. And that's not all, because in order to increase the reliability of this entire modernization, the engagement parameters were also changed.
Specifications 31512
| Total information | |
| Model | UAZ 31512 |
| Body | SUV |
| Number of doors/seats | 4/7 |
| Curb / gross weight, kg | 1600/2350 |
| Maximum speed, km/h | 110 |
| Dimensions UAZ 31512, mm | |
| Length | 4025 |
| Width | 1785 |
| Height | 1990 |
| Wheelbase | 2380 |
| Track front/rear | 1445 |
| Clearance | 220 |
Buying a body
Today, it is not a problem to purchase a new body 31512 or 31514. Many online stores offer body painted or naked at the best prices.
As you know, a painted body, an awning, a panel tidy and everything you need, except for the internal combustion engine and running gear, as well as the frame and transmission, are included in the UAZ 1 package.
In addition, the buyer is given the opportunity to additional choice:
- A tent body with hard seats and new locks is offered;
- The proposed body is no longer an awning, but an iron one;
- With an iron roof and hard type seats.
As for the 3-configuration body, it is rightfully called a “boat”. Frame 31512, however, painted, but without everything else. Here are the types of 3-configuration body offered to the buyer:
- Body with fixing elements for installation of an awning;
- With holes for a metal roof.
Comparative specifications
| Model | UAZ-469 | UAZ-469B | UAZ-31512 |
| body type | open type | open type | open type |
| Total number of doors | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Number of places | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Base, mm | 2380 | 2380 | 2380 |
| Length, mm | 4025 | 4025 | 4025 |
| Height, mm | 2050 | 2015 | 1990 |
| Width, mm | 1805 | 1785 | 1805 |
| Minimum ground clearance, mm | 300 | 220 | - |
| Curb weight, kg | 1600 | 1540 | 1590 |
| Permissible gross weight, kg | 2400 | 2280 | 2350 |
| Standard tire size | 8,40-15 | 8,40-15 | 225/75R16 |
| Conditional fuel consumption, l/100 km at 80 km/h | 10,6 | 10,6 | 10,6 |
| Fuel brand | 76 | 76 | 76 |
| Engine displacement, cc | 2445 | 2445 | 2445 |
| Rated power, h.p. (kW) at rpm | 75(55)/4000 | 75(55)/4000 | 77(56)/4000 |
| Maximum torque, Nm at rpm | 167/2200 | 167/2200 | 160/2200 |
| Number of gearbox steps | 4 | 4 | 4 |
Also learn about the ways to repair and upgrade UAZ bodies from special instructions and step-by-step guides published on our website ..
The domestic SUV UAZ-469 is a car that is legendary and very popular among buyers to this day. It attracts with its low cost and reliability, decent technical characteristics and practicality. UAZs are purchased by both fans of off-road racing and connoisseurs of rarities. And you can use the car not only for traveling, but also in small business, agriculture, for fishing and hunting trips.
Technical features of the UAZ-469
At the heart of the car is a spar frame, which is very strong and resistant to twisting. It provides a 2.5-liter power unit that runs on gasoline. It is relatively low-power - it produces 75 hp. s., but unpretentious and hardy. On models produced since 1985, you can already see a slightly more powerful engine. It is capable of delivering 80 hp. With. Accordingly, the driver can dial up to 115 km / h on a car.
UAZ 469 with canvas top
UAZ-469 can accommodate 7 people. The carrying capacity of the domestic SUV is 675 kilograms. They produced "bobbies" traditionally with a soft awning and metal extensions.
Initially, the ground clearance of the car was 21 cm, but over time they learned to raise it to 30 cm. Since the 80s, they began to install new lighting equipment on it, and hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers appeared in the car.
In 1985, another modernization of the machine was carried out. She acquired a hydraulic clutch release, new lighting equipment, an electric drive was connected to the windshield washer. The manufacturer also improved the heating system and installed a vacuum brake booster on some versions.
| UAZ-469 | UAZ-469B | |
| Vehicle type | Off-road, two-axle, 4X4 | |
| 2 people and 600 kg or 7 people. and 100 kg | ||
| When installing nine-leaf rear springs. | ||
| 2 people and 400 kg or 7 people. when installing seven-leaf rear springs | ||
| Gross vehicle weight, kg | 2450 | 2300 |
| The distribution of the total mass along the axes, kg: | ||
| to the front axle | 1020 | 965 |
| on the rear axle | 1430 | 1335 |
| Weight of equipped vehicle, kg | 1650 | 1540 |
| The distribution of the curb weight along the axes, kg: | ||
| to the front axle | 890 | 850 |
| on the rear axle | 760 | 690 |
| Maximum speed at full weight, km/h | 100 | 100 |
| Control fuel consumption of UAZ-469 at a speed of 30 km/h, l/100 km | 10,6 | 10,6 |
| Power reserve on the highway at a control flow rate of UAZ-469 10.6 l / 100 km, km | 730 | 730 |
| Full load braking distance from an initial speed of 70 km/h, no more than, m | 44,8 | 44,8 |
| The largest gross weight of the towed trailer, kg | 760 | 760 |
| The smallest turning radius along the track of the front outer (relative to the turning center) wheel, no more than, m | 6,5 | 6,3 |
| The smallest outer turning radius at the point of the front bumper furthest from the turning center, not more than, m | 7 | 6,8 |
| The maximum rise overcome by the car,%: | ||
| with the highest load | 62 | 62 |
| with the highest load and a trailer with a full weight | 36 | 36 |
| Maximum slope overcome by a car with the greatest load without a trailer,% | 36 | 36 |
| The greatest depth of the overcome ford, m | 0,7 | 0,7 |
Advantages and disadvantages
Domestic SUV has its own distinctive features, both positive and negative. The obvious advantages of the car include its low cost and unpretentiousness. The vehicle is durable and reliable, but if breakdowns occur, it will not be difficult to eliminate them. UAZ is inexpensive to repair, and car owners eliminate many malfunctions on their own.
There are, of course, the product of the domestic auto industry and disadvantages. For example, springs and a gearbox are considered weak points of a car. The owners also call the bridges of the car relatively unreliable. But if you buy army versions, then the likelihood of breakdowns decreases.
Of course, the low power of the motor does not please many buyers. In addition, he is often naughty when maximum speed is squeezed out of him. In this case, you can meet such a nuisance as an oil leak. It is recommended to pay close attention to shock absorbers. Better yet, immediately change them to foreign ones.
To turn the UAZ-469 into a real all-terrain vehicle, you will have to invest in its re-equipment. For example, it is worth installing an interwheel lock on it and increasing the ground clearance. To do this, it is enough to pick up impressive tires and wheels. With them, the clearance increases by several centimeters.
super tuning
History of UAZ-469
For the first time, a domestic SUV was released in 1964. Its simplicity and reliability were quickly appreciated by the Russians, working on it in various sectors of the national economy. Including, they even drove around on the "bobby" underground - there is experience in using it in underground tunnels in mines.
UAZ-469 was produced not only by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. This model was borrowed even by foreign manufacturers. After all, an SUV in a slightly modified form was produced at the factories of Korea and China. From the first years of its existence, the car managed to establish itself as very reliable and indestructible, and it was based on the Gaz-21 base.
The need for all-terrain vehicles in Russia is unlikely to decrease in the coming decades, so the production in our country of not too expensive SUVs, designed for a wide range of motorists living in off-road conditions, is likely to continue - after all, demand always stimulates supply.
Among such domestic all-wheel drive vehicles, the recently updated old Niva BA3-21213, and its younger rival Chevrolet Niva, and, of course, the super all-terrain vehicle UAZ- 469 (for some time now - UAZ-3151) nicknamed "goat".
With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, many Moscow enterprises were evacuated to the East. Among them was the Stalin Automobile Plant - ZiS.
In August 1941, in Ulyanovsk, on the banks of the Volga, the construction of ZiS assembly shops began, and by July 1942, the rate of assembly of ZiS-5 trucks was from 20 to 30 vehicles per day.
Since 1945, the plant began to assemble GAZ-AA lorries, and then GAZ-MM, in parallel mastering the production of components and assemblies for these machines. And since 1950, serious work began on the technical preparation of the automobile plant for the production of a new army all-wheel drive passenger car GAZ-69 / GAZ-69A, designed and mastered in production at the Gorky Automobile Plant. The first serial all-terrain vehicles left the UAZ assembly shop in 1956.
It was assumed that the “sixty-ninths” would be produced by the plant for at least 15 years, but the UAZ design bureau under the leadership of Petr Muzyukin almost immediately began to develop an army SUV of the future.
The new car was supposed to be equipped with a 70-horsepower overhead valve engine with a displacement of 2.445 liters, a three-speed gearbox, wheel reduction gears and dependent spring suspension. When designing, preference was given to geometric parameters that ensure cross-country ability - increased ground clearance, large diameter wheels, as well as significant angles of entry and exit, but at the same time they sometimes forgot about engine flexibility, optimal tire tread pattern and transmission traction parameters.
The first experimental model of the new machine was demonstrated to representatives of the Ministry of Defense in the autumn of 1960. The all-terrain vehicle was accepted by the customer, in general, favorably, but its clearance was recognized as insufficient. The most radical means of increasing it were wheel gears, which made it possible to increase ground clearance from 220 to 300 mm. At the same time, it was assumed that the civilian modification of the machine would be produced without wheel gears.
In 1961, tests of the army and civilian versions of the new off-road vehicle began, during which all-terrain vehicles passed through Central Asia to the Pamirs, then reached the Caspian Sea and returned to Ulyanovsk along the Volga. Further, in accordance with the comments of the testers, changes were made to the design of the vehicles, and only in 1964 did the jeeps pass state tests.
Serial production of cars that received the UAZ-469 and UAZ-469B indices began only in 1972. It is interesting that in China, where the documentation for the production of this army jeep was transferred, the Beijing BJ 212 (this name was given to the Chinese version of the “469th”) began to be produced already in 1965. The Chinese SUV differed from the domestic one only in the design of the front of the body.
The Ulyanovsk army SUVs in the series were equipped with the same engine as the UAZ-452 light trucks - it was produced at the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant, and in design it differed little from the one that was equipped with the GAZ-21 Volga cars. By the way, for many nodes, the UAZ-452 truck and the UAZ-469 jeep were unified - among them were the engine, a four-speed gearbox with synchronizers in third and fourth gears, a two-stage transfer case and a switchable front axle.
When designing the army version of the jeep, non-standard technical solutions were also used - as already mentioned, to increase the ground clearance from 220 mm to 300 mm, wheel reduction gears with a gear ratio of 1.94 were used, which made it possible to make the final drive housing more compact by reducing its gear ratio from 5.125 to 2.77.
The main customer of the machine was the Ministry of Defense, so it was it that determined its technical characteristics. In particular, the tarpaulin awning, together with the windshield that folded over the hood, made the car suitable for transportation by air - by planes and helicopters. And no one was interested that because of this, the car was almost impossible to operate in the harsh Russian winters. And such "flying" "UAZ" from the considerable serial production of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant required only a few percent! In fairness, it should be noted that a prototype of an all-metal body was created by the plant back in 1967, however, UAZ forging and pressing equipment did not allow the formation of large body panels. And for official and police "UAZ" handicraft duralumin and steel roofs were riveted by workshops of various enterprises. Interestingly, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant itself was able to master the production of all-metal vehicles only in 1993 - 21 years after the launch of the UAZ-469 series!
In addition to jeeps, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant produced a number of civilian and army light-duty off-road vehicles. Among them were a truck with an onboard platform UAZ-451 D and a van UAZ-451, the serial production of which was launched back in 1961.
Ulyanovsk designers did not forget about army all-terrain vehicles, developing new, sometimes very interesting variants of the 469th. The most original of them was the UAZ-3907 floating car. A car with two propellers, equipped with a 77-horsepower engine, reached speeds of up to 100 km / h on land, and up to 9 km / h on water. The body of the car, which had two sealed doors, could carry 7 people or 750 kg of cargo. Unfortunately, the amphibian was not mass-produced - such a universal vehicle was not provided for in the plans of the Ministry of Defense.
In 1985, in accordance with the order of the Ministry of the Automotive Industry, a new system for indexing cars produced by the plant was introduced at UAZ. So, the army UAZ-469 with final drives turned into the UAZ-3151, and the civilian UAZ-469B into the UAZ-31512. In accordance with this system, cars equipped with new engines and other large units received additional index numbers, turning them into six or seven-digit, reminiscent of telephone numbers, which by no means clarified the essence of the configuration of a particular car model.
The design of the car UAZ-469 (UAZ-3151)
UAZ-469B and UAZ-469 are frame cargo-passenger vehicles with an open four-door body, a removable tarpaulin awning and a folding tailgate. UAZ-469 differs from UAZ-469B in the presence of wheel gears and shielded electrical equipment.
The car engine is a four-cylinder, carburetor, with a maximum power of 75 hp. at a crankshaft speed of 4000 rpm. Gearbox - four-speed, with synchronizers in third and fourth gears.
The transfer case is two-stage, with spur gears.
The steering gearbox is a pair of a globoid worm and a double-ridge roller with a gear ratio of 20.3.
Front and rear suspension - on longitudinal semi-elliptical springs with double-acting hydraulic shock absorbers.
Brakes on all wheels - drum, hydraulically driven. Parking brake - transmission, mechanically driven.
Electrical equipment - 12-volt.
The maximum vehicle speed is 100 km/h, the reference fuel consumption is 10.6 liters per 100 km at a speed of 30 km/h.
In recent years, "Kozlik" has undergone numerous upgrades in accordance with the needs of civilian consumers. The fact is that today the Ministry of Defense no longer acts as the main customer and cannot dictate to the plant its requirements for the design of the jeep. To please the buyer, the designers created a warm all-metal body with an efficient heater, and comfortable seats, and a modern soft suspension on springs (front) and small-leaf springs (rear), and a fine-module, low-noise transfer case, and power steering, and also hid the one sticking out above the panel windshield wiper drive electric motor ... The development of fundamentally new SIMBIR and PATRIOT models with completely new components, which eventually migrated to the good old 469th, contributed to the creation of all this.
The model, called UAZ HUNTER (from English - hunter), outwardly differs little from the "goat", although it was created on a new platform. In addition, the number of imported components has sharply increased in the design of the machine.
"Hunter" is equipped with new continuous bridges of the "Spicer" type of its own production, modern CV joints of the "Birfield" type on the front wheels with twice the resource than the previous ones, a new, more convenient to use fine-module helical transfer case - its noise level compared to the classic spur reduced by 8 - 10 decibels, and the connection of the front axle and low gear is now carried out not by two, but by one lever. The gearbox has also changed - it has become a five-speed one. In addition, the HUNTER was equipped with power steering, LUK type diaphragm clutch, front disc brakes and front spring suspension.
At first, HUNTER was produced with one of two engines - either with a new injection 140-horsepower 16-valve gasoline displacement of 2.7 liters with an exhaust gas converter, or a Polish 86-horsepower Andoria turbodiesel with a displacement of 2.4 liters. Well, for the army, police and the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the car is equipped with a simpler and more unpretentious carburetor engine.
The engine cooling system received a new aluminum radiator with increased efficiency.
Outwardly, the “Hunter” differs from the “Goat” in safer plastic bumpers, sliding windows in the side windows (by the way, the car doors received a double seal) and a hinged rear door. As for the interior, there are enough differences from the interior of the 469th - more comfortable seats, fabric door trim and a plastic dashboard. UAZ HUNTER has already managed to earn quite a benevolent assessment of both fans of off-road extreme sports and adherents of asphalt tracks. The car behaves perfectly both at speeds at which the Kozlik began to justify its nickname, and in deep ruts with the downshift turned on. And this means that the "Hunter" will certainly share its advantages with its well-deserved predecessor - the still-produced army all-terrain vehicle UAZ-469 - UAZ-3151.
Legendary 469 model
UAZ 469 is a legendary Soviet car. Appearing on the roads of the country, he changed the concept of Soviet citizens about the cross-country ability and capacity of a passenger car.
This "goat", as the military affectionately called him, could lift a weight of 800 kg and bring it to any height. 2 years after being put on the conveyor, 3 UAZ 469 vehicles, in the usual factory configuration, without winches and snow chains, conquered the highest mountain in Europe - Elbrus.
History of creation
Since 1952, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant has been producing GAZ 69 and GAZ 69A cars. The first modification was intended for the army, and the second - for the needs of agriculture. The differences were only in the performance of the cabin: in the military version it was 8-seater, and in the civilian version it was 5-seater. Both cars were created on the element base of the GAZ M 20 Pobeda model. With good cross-country ability, these cars had several significant drawbacks. Firstly, both modifications did not have cabin heaters, which, in our harsh climate, made it difficult to operate the GAZ 69 in the cold season. Secondly, these machines had a GAZ 11 engine, incredibly voracious and low-powered. In addition, the military was not pleased with the small clearance, only 210 millimeters. In real off-road conditions, the command vehicle sank in the mud where army trucks and armored vehicles passed. In this regard, already in the mid-50s, an idea arose to replace this jeep. In 1958, a prototype UAZ 460 was developed, but it never went into production.
In the 60s, on the main conveyor of the Gorky Automobile Plant, Pobeda was replaced by the Volga GAZ 21. Of course, a new SUV was developed on its element base, it should have been put on the line as early as 1965. But due to a change in the leadership of the country, these plans could not be implemented on time. The era of stagnation has begun. The future UAZ 469 was produced only in experimental batches and was waiting in the wings for another 7 long years.
Description and characteristics
Vehicle parameters
In 1972, the new Soviet SUV was finally presented to the public. Like GAZ 69, it was produced in 2 versions. Unlike its predecessors, there were significant differences between the military and rural versions in the transmission, suspension and chassis.
The military vehicle, which received the UAZ 469 index, had a ground clearance of 300 millimeters, drive axles with a double final drive, 9-leaf rear springs and reduction final drives on all wheels. The civilian car, UAZ 469B, was produced with a ground clearance of 220 millimeters, single axle drive axles with main gear (borrowed from its predecessor) and 7-leaf rear springs. Both cars had all-wheel drive. The external dimensions of the army and civilian modifications did not differ.
Both versions were equipped with a 2.5-liter UMZ 451M engine with a capacity of 75 horsepower. Despite its seemingly low power, comparable to the power of the VAZ 2103 engine, this power unit could drag a weight of 3210 kg with it to climb 36% at a speed of 90 kilometers per hour. Like a small tank, this car confidently followed the armored vehicles, passing where military trucks got stuck. At the same time, gasoline consumption in the most difficult situation was no more than 16 liters per 100 kilometers.
Dimensions:
- length - 4025 mm;
- width - 1805 mm;
- height - 2015 mm;
- wheelbase - 2380 mm;
- track - 1442 mm.
Weight characteristics of UAZ 469 (469B):
- curb weight - 1650 (1540) kg;
- gross weight - 2450 (2300) kg;
- the largest mass of the towed trailer - 760 (760) kg;
- maximum load on the front axle - 1020 (965) kg;
- maximum load on the rear axle - 1430 (1335) kg;
- the weight of the transported fuel is 62.5 (62.5) kg.
Speed characteristics:
- off-road cruising speed - 30 km / h;
- the maximum speed on the highway is 100 km / h.
An army SUV could carry 7 soldiers and 100 kg of cargo, the weight of luggage when transporting 2 soldiers was 600 kg.
Modernization was carried out in the mid-80s. The car received new engines:
- UMP 414 - with a capacity of 77 horsepower;
- UMP 417 - with a capacity of 80 horsepower.
In addition, the old brakes were replaced with dual-circuit ones with a signaling device. Have been replaced:
- stove;
- gear box;
- cardan shafts;
- headlights;
- leading bridges;
- steering column;
- windshield washers.
The weight and dimensions of the machine have not changed. The speed increased to 120 km / h.
The updated UAZ 469 changed its name to UAZ 3151, and UAZ 469B became known as UAZ 31512. They were produced under this index until 2003.