What do the fairy tales of Saltykov-Shchedrin teach us? Composition on the topic: What does the fairy tale teach The wild landowner, Saltykov-Shchedrin What does the fairy tale teach

A brief analysis of Saltykov-Shchedrin's fairy tale "The Wild Landowner": idea, problems, themes, image of the people

The fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” was published by M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin in 1869. This work is a satire on the Russian landowner and the common Russian people. In order to circumvent censorship, the writer chose a specific genre of "fairy tale", within which a notorious fable is described. In the work, the author does not give his heroes names, as if hinting that the landowner is a collective image of all landowners in Rus' in the 19th century. And Senka and the rest of the men are typical representatives of the peasant class. The theme of the work is simple: the superiority of a hardworking and patient people over mediocre and stupid nobles, expressed in an allegorical manner.

Problems, features and meaning of the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner"

Fairy tales by Saltykov-Shchedrin are always distinguished by simplicity, irony and artistic details, using which the author can absolutely accurately convey the character of the character “And that landowner was stupid, he read the newspaper Vest and his body was soft, white and crumbly”, “he lived and looked at the light rejoiced."

The main problem in the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner" is the problem of the difficult fate of the people. The landowner in the work appears as a cruel and ruthless tyrant who intends to take away the last from his peasants. But having heard the prayers of the peasants for a better life and the desire of the landowner to get rid of them forever, God fulfills their prayers. The landowner ceases to be disturbed, and the "muzhiks" get rid of oppression. The author shows that in the world of the landowner, the creators of all goods were the peasants. When they disappeared, he himself turned into an animal, overgrown, stopped eating normal food, since all the products disappeared from the market. With the disappearance of the peasants, a bright, rich life left, the world became uninteresting, dull, tasteless. Even the pastimes that had brought pleasure to the landowner before - playing pulca or watching a play in the theater - no longer seemed so tempting. The world is empty without the peasantry. Thus, in the fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” the meaning is quite real: the upper strata of society oppress and trample the lower ones, but at the same time they cannot remain at their illusory height without them, since it is the “serfs” who provide the country, but their master is nothing but problems, unable to provide.

The image of the people in the work of Saltykov-Shchedrin

The people in the work of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin are hard-working people, in whose hands any business “argues”. Thanks to them, the landowner always lived in abundance. The people appear before us not just a weak-willed and reckless mass, but smart and insightful people: “The peasants see: although they have a stupid landowner, they have a great mind.” Peasants are also endowed with such an important quality as a sense of justice. They refused to live under the yoke of the landowner, who imposed unfair and sometimes insane restrictions on them, and asked God for help.

The author himself treats the people with respect. This can be seen in the contrast between how the landowner lived after the disappearance of the peasantry and during its return: “And suddenly again there was a smell of chaff and sheepskins in that district; but at the same time, flour, and meat, and all kinds of living creatures appeared in the market, and so many taxes were received in one day that the treasurer, seeing such a pile of money, only threw up his hands in surprise ... ”, - it can be argued that the people are the driving force of society, the foundation on which the existence of such "landlords" is based, and they, of course, owe their well-being to a simple Russian peasant. This is the meaning of the finale of the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner".

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What does a fairy tale teach

A special place in the work of Saltykov-Shchedrin is occupied by fairy tales with allegorical depictions of characters. The author wrote them at the final stage of his work and, from the height of the past years, could express everything that had accumulated with experience. Therefore, his fairy tales can hardly be classified as children's, but only instructive. In them, he touched on those socio-political and moral problems that worried the people at the end of the 19th century, although the morality of these tales has not lost its relevance today.

In "The Wild Landowner"

we see how the self-confident and not very smart Prince drives his peasants away so that he can breathe easier and calmer. God heeded his prayers, although he knew that this landowner was rather stupid, but God was sorry for the peasants, whom he began to deliberately infringe on everything, so he let them go free. The landowner, of course, could not live long on his own. Bread, milk and meat disappeared from the market, the gardens were overgrown with grass, the house became abandoned, and the prince himself began to slowly turn into a beast. He did not wash, did not comb, did not change clothes, ate only gingerbread and candy, became overgrown with wool and, in the end, began to walk on all fours.

In my opinion, in this

The story is very instructive. Firstly, the gentlemen could not do without their peasants. Each courtyard man had his own duties, with which only he knew how to cope, and the landowner, who all the time only reclined and laid out grand solitaire, was unsuitable for independent living. Secondly, a person, stopping communication with other people, gradually becomes wild. Having lost his people, the landowner was left to live surrounded only by forests and wild animals, so over time he began to resemble a forest dweller himself, even made friends with a bear and went hunting for a hare with him.

The author liked to use such elements of the absurd to make his fairy tales easier to read and make him smile. With his satire, he laid the foundation for a new literary genre in Russian literature - allegorical fairy tales. His comparisons may sometimes sound ridiculous, but if you think about it, you can notice a kind of sarcasm and flavor in them. Saltykov-Shchedrin wrote more than thirty such fairy tales. All of them were filled with artistic meaning and contained deep wisdom. And today, when we read them, we involuntarily smile at the comicality of the situation.

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A Memorable Moment More than thirty fairy tales were written by ME Saltykov-Shchedrin, and all of them were informative and fascinating in their own way. He put a deep meaning into each such fairy tale....
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The main idea The tale of M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin “The Wild Landowner” is a caustic satire on the ruling class. All the action described in it takes place as if within the framework of one estate, ...
A Moral Lesson The tales of M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin were written at the final stage of the writer's work, sometime between 1880 and 1886. A form of a fairy tale to denounce social and moral problems...
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Saltykov-Shchedrin contains deep wisdom, so the reader finds all works surprisingly interesting and instructive. Saltykov-Shchedrin make us smile, because their stories are very funny, bio humor is far from the main thing in them. The main goal of the author is to show the injustice of the structure of the world and society; give a person the answer to a particular topical question. And the reader continues to re-read the tales of this author, marveling at their relevance to this day. “The tale of how one man fed two generals” was surely remembered by everyone who read it at least once in their life. Any student or adult can easily remember her story. The generals who found themselves on the island almost died of starvation. And their savior turned out to be the most ordinary peasant peasant. What is the deep wisdom of a fairy tale?

The generals in this case personify the ruling class, which has money and power. A peasant is a people who, with their work, sweat and blood, make the existence of the “powerful of this world” prosperous and comfortable. But isn't society organized monstrously and unfairly when completely useless "generals" enjoy the fruits of someone else's labor? And the "man" works tirelessly, while not receiving any gratitude at all.

The "generals" take his efforts for granted. Saltykov-Shchedrin paints such vivid pictures in fairy tales that the reader has absolutely no doubts about which side he is on. with caustic satire ridicules the vices of the ruling class, shows the true face of its representatives, striking in its wretchedness and stupidity. For example, the fairy tale "landlord" tells how one landowner decided to get rid of ordinary people and make his own happy thanks to that. God fulfilled his prayers and removed the peasants from the estate.

What has become of this landowner's life? Gradually, complete desolation occurred in his estate and estate, and he himself became wild in the literal sense. This fairy tale again All rights reserved and protected by law © 2001-2005 olsoch. ru leads us to think about how great the role of ordinary people in the achievements of civilization. The ruling class, which has titles and money, is completely helpless in solving the simplest issues.

The author, with caustic irony, ridicules the swagger and high opinion of the "generals" and "landlords" about himself. They are sure that the world was created only for them and that the common people exist only to fulfill their whims. But one has only to lose assistants by the will of fate, as representatives of the ruling class instantly degrade, as happened with the “generals”, when they almost ate each other from hunger on the island, or with the “wild landowner”, who, without proper supervision and care, turned into wild and ugly creature. In the tales of Saltykov-Shchedrin, animals, fish, and birds often act. But the reader clearly sees in them human traits, desires, habits.

And it is so easy to draw an analogy between the wise minnow and people who do nothing but hide from difficulties all their lives, not noticing that in this way they deprive their existence of meaning, making it empty and themselves unhappy.

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Fairy tales have firmly taken their place in the work of Saltykov-Shchedrin. The satirist used the genre loved by the people in order to attract more readers to the problems he raised. In such an original and at the same time understandable way, the author was able to say more about Russian society at the end of the 19th century than historians of this period did.

Saltykov-Shchedrin, by his own admission, creates such fairy tales for adults that, in terms of mental development, correspond to a child. The author wants to open the eyes of such people. In fact, such fairy tales are accessible to anyone, even a person who is not accustomed to reading. Thus, they are very dangerous to those whom Saltykov-Shchedrin ridicules in them.

The main problem raised in Shchedrin's tales is the relationship between masters and slaves. The author attacks Tsarist Russia with satire. The reader encounters in fairy tales the images of those who are used to commanding and those who command these commands.

The fairy tale "The Wild Landowner" ridicules the entire social system of Russia at that time, built on the exploitation, complete oppression of the common people. Retaining the style of Russian folk tales, Shchedrin told about the real events of that period through allegory: a landowner, a hereditary nobleman lives in one estate; he is stupid and lazy, his existence is reduced to preserving the beauty of his body, and the serfs do everything else for him. The landowner does not tolerate the spirit that comes from his lackeys, and getting rid of this hateful smell was the only dream of the landowner. When one day this stench disappears along with all the peasants, the unlucky landowner, who did not know life, gradually turns into an animal and, finally running wild, runs away into the forest.

In this funny and fantastic plot of the fairy tale, the true position of de in the country is hidden. The landlords shifted all the problems from managing the estate to washing dishes and undressing before going to bed to their peasants. They themselves led an idle existence, absolutely did not know life, and any problem that they faced one on one could destroy them.
Hence the name of the tale. "Wild" in this case means "far from life", not adapted to it. And this understanding of wildness in fairy tales grows with the development of the plot.

The reader will learn that the landowner hates the peasants, sees nothing shameful in the use of physical force against their misdeeds. And the apogee of savagery is the gradual transformation of the landowner into an animal: he is all overgrown with hair, his nails have grown and become like claws, he stopped blowing his nose and began to walk on all fours and talk. The physiological need for food makes him hunt hares.

Despite the terrible appearance, the landowner, who found himself in new conditions, lost all his severity. His savagery is pathetic. After all, in fact, he is helpless as a small child.

Thanks to the gradation of the savagery of a person shown in the fairy tale, Saltykov-Shchedrin was able to show the reader the complete degradation of a person, the withering away of all his human qualities, hinting from time to time that the image of this landowner is a collective image of the owners of most Russian estates of that time.

Saltykov was a moralist. Having shown the horror of the fall of man, he hoped that they would understand him, and soon there would be a restoration of human morality, an upsurge of spirituality, and a time of harmony would come in the lives of all segments of the population.

>Compositions based on the work of the Wild Landowner

What does a fairy tale teach

In the work "The Wild Landowner" we see how a self-confident and not very smart prince drives away his peasants so that he can breathe easier and calmer. God heeded his prayers, although he knew that this landowner was rather stupid, but God was sorry for the peasants, whom he began to deliberately infringe on everything, so he let them go free. The landowner, of course, could not live long on his own. Bread, milk and meat disappeared from the market, the gardens were overgrown with grass, the house became abandoned, and the prince himself began to slowly turn into a beast. He did not wash, did not comb, did not change clothes, ate only gingerbread and candy, became overgrown with wool and, in the end, began to walk on all fours.

In my opinion, there is a lot of instructive in this tale. Firstly, the gentlemen could not do without their peasants. Each courtyard man had his own duties, with which only he knew how to cope, and the landowner, who all the time only reclined and laid out grand solitaire, was unsuitable for independent living. Secondly, a person, stopping communication with other people, gradually becomes wild. Having lost his people, the landowner was left to live surrounded only by forests and wild animals, so over time he began to resemble a forest dweller himself, even made friends with a bear and went hunting for a hare with him.